Modern Transportation Systems and Technologies

Aim. To formulate conceptual directions for the introduction of landfill technologies for managing transportation processes on the railway network; to systematize the economic effects generated during the transition to the landfill model of railway transportation management.

Methods. Analysis of planned strategic documents for the development of the railway network, technical and economic analysis and modeling of supply chains, comparative analysis of projects of innovative solutions for the development of railway transportation, synthesis of provisions of the theory of transport and cyberphysical systems, theories of dynamic systems management, spatial macroeconomic planning.

Results. The reference directions for the formation of polygons on the railway network as separate organizational units are identified, allocated according to the principle of implementing priority projects for the development of the mainline railway infrastructure; the economic effects of the introduction of polygon traffic management technologies on the railway network are systematized.

Conclusion. The economic assessment of the introduction of landfill technologies for railway transportation management should affect the calculation of the values of the following types of effects: growth of the cargo base while ensuring the movement of cargo over long distances; acceleration of cargo delivery along the railway network; reduction of differences between operational and tariff cargo turnover; improvement of the quality of railway transportation planning; reduction of train downtime at technical and intermediate stations; rationalization of the use of traction resources in freight traffic; minimization of fines and losses of the carrier in case of violation of the terms of cargo delivery; the macroeconomic effect of rapid development of a large volume of cargo flows in the context of structural shifts in the cargo base by regions of the country and drastic changes in the geography of shipment of products.

The most important component of the Russian transport and logistics complex is rail transport, which is essential for the normal functioning and development of the Russian economy. In the context of Western sanctions, the need to develop railway infrastructure and train traffic management systems is particularly important, as the sovereignty of the state depends on the stability of railway networks. The study identifies the challenges and prospects for the development of the transport and logistics complex in the Russian Federation in the coming years, and highlights the importance of increasing the carrying capacity of the Eastern railway network in the new geopolitical and economic conditions through organizational measures (improving traffic management). The objective of this research is to develop a method for automating dispatching control, which will improve the technology for passing trains on heavily loaded sections. The research methodology is based on statistical data analysis, approaches to mathematical and simulation modeling in railway transport, and the theory of automatic control as a tool for implementing the proposed method and its implementation of the research results on the network of Russian Railways. The results of the study include the consideration of key problems and factors that hinder the implementation of measures to increase the carrying capacity and throughput of railway sections; experiments that resulted in the proposed method of train dispatching during heavy freight traffic. Based on the results of the simulation, the application of the proposed method is demonstrated, and conclusions are drawn about the feasibility of its implementation on the Russian Railways network, which confirm the scientific value of the research results and their relevance for practical application.

Aim. Develop a method for comparative analysis of a representative sample of variants of superstructure operation strategies based on a set of heterogeneous features characterizing their reliability and efficiency, as well as to determine the optimal combination of technical and technological solutions to ensure the established design service life.

Materials and methods. One of the main technical and economic indicators when choosing a superstructure operation strategy for bridge structures is the cost of repair and restoration work to achieve the required values of reliability indicators. The choice of rational measures for the operation of bridge superstructures should be based on the use of methods that consider both the diversity and heterogeneity of the factors ensuring their operational reliability, and the stochastic nature of these factors. To solve this problem, a method for assessing the strategy for ensuring the operational reliability of reinforced concrete bridge superstructures is proposed, based on a combination of taxonomic, investment analysis and risk theory methods.

Results. An analytical model has been obtained that allows determining the optimal strategy for the operation of a superstructure based on heterogeneous features characterizing reliability and efficiency, in which the establishment of quantitative reliability indicators is carried out using simulation modeling of the superstructure operation, taking into account the combined effect of uncertainties caused by the natural variability of the strength and deformation parameters of the main beams, the stochastic nature of degradation processes and loading modes.

Conclusion. The presented method for assessing the strategy for operating span structures, as well as the results obtained during its testing, allow operating road construction organizations to determine the required technical and technological solutions to ensure the reliability indicators of span structures, as well as to predict the timing, composition and cost of repair and restoration work during the required service life.

Background. Reducing the duration, labor intensity and cost of work during major repairs and reconstruction of mine ventilation shafts.

Aim. Improvement of repair methods for strengthening and thermal insulation of mine ventilation shaft linings.

Materials and Methods. The results of design-theoretical studies and experimental research on the physical model of the ventilation shaft section are presented. The efficiency of foam-glass concrete application for major repair and reconstruction of ventilation shafts is confirmed. It is experimentally proved that when using this technology the jacket body freezing does not occur, and the temperature at the contact of shaft construction and ground does not fall to the freezing point of water.

Results. The implementation of the developed technology on the operating shaft of the ventilation shaft of the metro, including the installation of the temperature monitoring system, is described. The results of monitoring confirmed the declared characteristics of the material and construction. To increase the thermal insulation efficiency and the speed of construction of the structural and thermal insulation jacket, the reinforcing cage was replaced by dispersed reinforcement with fibre application.

Conclusion. The developed structural and heat-insulating jacket on the basis of modified foam-glass concrete containing fibre is able to effectively protect the lining of ventilation shafts from freezing, ensuring their durability and safe operation.

Aim. Identification of trends in the development of passenger transportation market, determination of the competitive advantages of railway transport in a dynamically changing external environment and development of practical recommendations for railway transport companies based on quantitative assessment and ranking of influencing environmental factors.

Materials and methods. To identify and assess the impact of external factors on railway passenger transportation, the PEST analysis method is used, which includes statistical data analysis, as well as the method of expert assessments. Calculations and estimates are based on open data and official statistics from Rosstat, the Ministry of Economic Development and the Ministry of Finance, the Bank of Russia, as well as annual reports from Russian Railways and Federal Passenger Company.

Results. 1) The environmental factors affecting passenger transportation by rail are systematized; 2) Recommendations have been developed to enhance the positive and neutralize the negative effects of the identified factors.

Conclusion. The results obtained develop the theory of transport services market in terms of identifying structural transformations and features of the development of the passenger transportation market at the current stage of development. They can find practical application in government agencies responsible for developing transport policy measures, as well as in transport organizations in the development and implementation of corporate development strategies.

Aim: to create a neural network toolkit for predicting passenger traffic by innovative (high-speed) rail transport.

Materials and methods: statistical data on passenger traffic on all modes of transport in the areas of high-speed railway lines. Methods: econometric modeling, multilayer perceptron.

Results: an algorithm for planning passenger traffic on high-speed railway lines based on an intelligent neural model.

Conclusion: The ability of the neural network model to "learn" allows to increase the reliability of population mobility forecasts when evaluating HSRT projects.

Background: The most important priority for ensuring the economic efficiency of transport is to increase revenue from freight and passenger transportation, as well as reduce one-time and operating costs during the life cycle of railway infrastructure development projects. The study reveals the expediency of using innovative technologies for the design and maintenance of railway tracks to ensure various effects when performing rail transportation.

Aim. Development of the basis for the application of innovative technologies for the construction and maintenance of railway tracks, ensuring high operational performance and reducing costs associated with the creation and operation of transport infrastructure.

Materials and methods. The research methodology is based on the theory of economic efficiency, which makes it possible to evaluate both individual effects from the use of innovative railway track construction technologies and the integral effect during the project life cycle.

Results. Development of a methodology for determining the effects of the use of innovative railway track design technologies during the life cycle of the project.

Conclusion. The developed methodology has practical application in substantiating the use of innovative technologies for the design and maintenance of railway tracks during construction, reconstruction, capital and routine repairs.

Aim: to choose the optimal solution for the transportation of goods in containers, depending on the results of a comparative assessment of the cost of shipping containers for import/export by a leased vessel on a time charter or through a third-party organization.

Materials and methods: features of the regulation of freight forwarding activities, taking into account national and international legal norms by analyzing and sampling data; methodological approaches to estimating the cost of transporting cargo in containers; methods of comparative assessment of economic effects according to the «cost-benefit» scheme.

Results: the time spent on key container shipping routes in international traffic was determined; the cost of international cargo transportation by a third-party organization using its own and attracted containers was determined, taking into account the delivery time; the decision to carry out international container transportation by a leased vessel on time charter terms was justified; the economic effect of cargo transportation in a container by a leased vessel was determined on the terms of a time charter in comparison with shipping through a third-party organization.

Conclusion: the proposed solution will allow estimating the cost of international shipping in containers in order to select the most optimal option, which will have a direct impact on the tariff structure for transportation and ensure the growth of the revenue component of the forwarding company.