Modern Transportation Systems and Technologies

In their article, the authors emphasize the basic principles from the point of view of sustainability, recall the basic initial prerequisites and the results of the dismemberment at the design stages and calculate the main ones before formulating the conditions of reliability from the point of view of the ultimate susceptibility of the ability and the maximum state of deviation to natural operation. Further, the authors pay attention to distinguishing between the problems of the load from the problematic reaction of the structure to calculations and theoretical and experimental calculations required to transform loads on calculations. The authors emphasize that first it is necessary to fully own the so-called. The “first value of the application” of the theory of reliability, limitedly identified use of plastic reserves, accounting for the history of reaction, until the prerequisites for the use of the maximum foundation method based on a high degree of reliability theory are performed.

Aim: development of a high-speed transport highway in the Arctic zone, built on the widespread use of electric transport.

Materials and Methods: the trestle structures are designed for combinations of operating loads, forces and impacts, including consideration of dynamic aspects and nonlinearity, using the SCAD Office software package.

Results: according to preliminary technical and economic indicators, the duration of cargo delivery along the Arctic Expressway to the Bering Strait is reduced by 5.5 times compared to the Northern Sea Route (NSR), and passengers by almost 30 times, but at the same time the length of the projected expressway is almost 1.6 times higher due to the need to bypass high coastal mountain ranges.

Conclusion:  when designing a global land transport network, these studies confirm the possibility of using Evacuated Tube Transportation and Maglev technologies for the Arctic High-speed Transport Highway. In further studies, underwater pipelines will be considered, which will have long straight sections with a length of more than 1000 km, bypassing coastal mountain ranges and minimizing the number of transport hubs.

Background: The article describes a device for simulating various insulation defects for use with acoustic control devices for power transformers included in the power supply system of railway transport. The parameters of the recorded signals of the simulator are given, which will make it possible to recognize various insulation defects when diagnosing power transformers under operating conditions which will help to avoid emergency modes and interruptions in the operation of the electric rolling stock of railways.

Aim: experimental studies of a simulator with a different set of defects, obtaining the values of the parameters of acoustic control signals for various defects in the insulation of power transformers.

Methods: experimental studies of automated means of acoustic control, development of technical means for simulating various defects in the insulation of power transformers, processing of acoustic control signals.

Results: the block diagram of the simulator with a different set of defects is given, the values of the parameters of acoustic monitoring signals for various defects in the insulation of power transformers are given.

Conclusion: the above device allows you to reproduce various defects in the insulation of power transformers, to recognize such defects according to the proposed parameters of acoustic control signals.

Aim: Development of a new approach to optimizing the process of cargo flows distribution at the transport loop. Construction of a mathematical model of the freight transportation process, which equally takes into account the interests of various participants in the transportation process.

Materials and Methods: A mathematical model of the freight transportation process is built, which is based on the infrastructure indicators of the considered part of the railway loop and is a multicriteria optimization problem of integer programming. The algorithm for solving the problem is common for land transport and is implemented in the environment of a computer algebra system. As a project, which is an example of the application of the developed transport and logistics method, a part of the North-Caucasian railway, adjacent to the main cargo ports of the Azov-Black Sea basin, is considered. The considered railway loop is a transit component, actively exploited for Russian exports, in particular, grain cargoes.

Results: The issues of organizing rail freight transportation in multimodal transport and technological systems are researched on the basis of egalitarian and utilitarian approaches in welfare theory. These approaches are considered in relation to the participants in the transportation process (agents) within the framework of the time and cost indicators of this process. Computational procedures for finding optimal distributions of cargo flows have been brought to concrete results.

Conclusion: A mathematical experiment used as a simulation modeling tool allows versatile and purposeful manipulation of the indicators of the transportation process and the restrictions imposed on transportation plans. The cargo flows distributions to port unloading stations obtained as a result of Pareto optimization are analyzed from the point of view of their rationality and usefulness in relation to agents.

Background: Transport plays a crucial role in socio-economic and social processes. Despite the fact that transport can be considered as an independent industry, and transport development projects can be considered as independent business projects, the spectrum of transport influence has not yet been fully studied. A qualitative examination of the spheres of influence of transport shows its impact on all significant aspects of socio-economic relations in society.

Nevertheless, classical methods of financial management are used to assess the effectiveness of investments in transport, which do not allow to fully reflect the effects arising from the implementation of such investments.

As practice shows, the use of classical approaches does not allow us to reliably assess the effectiveness of investments in transport. The choice of approaches to assessment is directly dependent on the socio-economic model of the state. The capitalist model focuses on the income received from the implementation of any investment project, whereas the socially oriented model peculiar to Russia is initially focused on the formation of the public good.

The latter approach, in our opinion, is strategically more advantageous on a national scale and requires wide dissemination for the purposes of financial and economic analysis

Aim: to consider the list of methods for evaluating investments in transport and determine a set of factors that require consideration for a socially oriented economy.

Materials and methods: the research methodology is based on the analysis of methods of financial and economic evaluation of investment projects, socio-economic analysis, as well as macroeconomic methods. The information base of the study is based on official legal and methodological information of the authorities of the Russian Federation.

Results: as a result of the study, a list of factors that need to be taken into account when assessing the effectiveness of investments in transport within the framework of the paradigm of socially oriented public administration is determined.

Conclusion: the study confirms that the methods currently used to assess the effectiveness of investments in transport do not fully reflect the effects arising from their implementation. The proposed approach to determining the list of socio-economic effects resulting from the impact of transport projects will improve the quality of management decisions in the transport sector.