Vol 9, No 3 (2023)
Reviews
Evaluation and ways to reduce uncertainty of greenhouse gas emission and seqestration
Abstract
Background: The transport industry is one of the major sources of greenhouse gas emissions, and is inevitably influenced by the environmental agenda.
Aim: Estimation of the uncertainty and develop ways to reduce uncertainty when accounting for emissions and removals of greenhouse gases.
Methods: The method of analyzing the statistical causes of uncertainty in the measurement and accounting of emissions and removals of greenhouse gases, as well as the analysis of literary sources, suggests ways to reduce uncertainty.
Results: The sources of uncertainty in the implementation of the climate change transport adaptation plan obtained when taking into account emissions or removals of greenhouse gases were identified. At the same time, objectively determined causes of uncertainty associated with shortcomings in the data, models used and analyzed samples, as well as causes of uncertainty based on subjective assumptions, are identified. Of practical significance are the formulated ways to reduce uncertainty, based on improving the conceptualization, improving the model structure, increasing the representativeness of the data, as well as using more accurate measurement methods.
Conclusion: Ways to reduce uncertainty in the implementation of the climate change transport adaptation plan based on subjective parameters are to introduce adaptive management and develop learning as an iterative process, as learning becomes a key component of activity in a changing climate.
5-14
Application of intelligent technologies for the implementation of the digital traction substation project
Abstract
Aim: analysis of various design solutions for the use of digital substations and promising directions in the use of intelligent technologies in a modern traction power supply system.
Methods: to achieve this goal, the results of research, well-known and innovative technical solutions for increasing the intellectual level of substations were considered, the potential of using digital technologies in the traction power supply system was analyzed.
Results: the basic principles of operation of digital substations, their advantages and disadvantages, the use of digital measuring instruments and equipment at substations are considered. A review of foreign and domestic experience in the development and application of digital technologies in general and traction power supply systems is carried out. The main stages and technical solutions for the transfer of electrical substations to a new stage of their development are shown.
Conclusion: Further step-by-step development of substations makes their transition to an intelligent platform, which will reduce the cost of repair and maintenance of electrical equipment, labor costs for operational personnel, significantly increase the reliability of the power supply system due to early detection of malfunctions, reduce the number of accidents and injuries at work. Thanks to the development of energy in this direction, it will be possible to create its own network of digital substations using the concept of retrofitting existing substations and transferring them to new digital power equipment, as well as creating Russian unique software that does not depend on other countries.
15-31
Original studies
Modal-based analysis of the refrigerated wagon body with different placements of energy refrigeration equipment
Abstract
Aim: modal analysis of the body of a refrigerated wagon with energy refrigeration equipment in various locations.
Materials and Methods: the problem was solved using the finite element method, and the participation factor was used to analyze the results.
Results: The frequencies and mode shapes of the refrigerated wagon body variants were determined.
Conclusion: The frequency of vibration changes little depending on the body design and lies in the range of 7-5 Hz. The mass of the refrigeration unit does not have a significant impact on the frequency of vibration. The largest displacements occur on the roof of the wagon. At a certain combination of the stiffness of the spring suspension and the mass of the load, resonant phenomena may occur.
32-40
Development of eddy-current decelerators for uST transport complexes of the “second level”
Abstract
In case of emergency situations and when a uPod (an unmanned electric rail vehicle on steel wheels) approaches the areas of stopping, parking and enters sharp turns at high speeds, mechanical braking cannot always guarantee a safe stop of the electric rail vehicle under such weather conditions as rain, icing of the track, as well as wear of components in the braking system. The eddy-current decelerators (ECD) developed by the authors make it possible to solve this problem by minimizing the number of wear products, since the braking force arises due to the interaction of magnetic fields, while there is no mechanical contact in such a braking system.
Aim: Development of a non-volatile ECD, the design of which ensures stable operation without imposing increased requirements on the accuracy of vehicle positioning.
Materials and Methods: The article presents studies of samples of eddy current moderators with tires made of various materials and the layout of magnets. Confirmation of the experimental data was carried out using the ANSYS Maxwell computer model - the finite element method.
Results: The article presents ECDs with an optimal relative arrangement and orientation of magnets in combination with magnetic cores, developed and confirmed by mathematical modeling, confirmed by field tests and experiments.
The designed ECD (option No. 2) develops the required force and, unlike the ECD (option No. 1) with the classical layout of the magnetic system, is capable to operate at inaccurate positioning of a uPod in both horizontal and vertical planes.
Conclusion: The developed prototypes of ECD sections will be used in passive safety systems as an energy-independent rolling stock retarder in urban, as well as in high-speed and hyper-speed transport and infrastructure complexes uST in relation to any natural and climatic conditions of our planet.
41-58
Research of user experience for express delivery companies site’s
Abstract
Aim: to test and compare sites of transport and logistics companies on the ease of use and speed of processing orders, analysis of compliance with the proposed service users, the proportionality of user expectations and the result obtained, as well as the presence of problematic points in the ordering of express delivery.
Materials and Methods: to conduct experimental qualitative research we used the methodology of remote moderated testing and a survey of subjective user satisfaction based on the questionnaire SUPR-Q, which was adapted for our study.
Results: the research produced a generalized user path map for each company, which reflects the user's points of interaction with the interface, their motivations, emotions, barriers and drivers at each stage of the express delivery order.
Conclusion: As a result of the study we were able to identify a number of errors in user scenarios on the sites of express delivery companies, eliminating these errors and improving the interface of the sites will allow companies to improve the user experience.
59-74
On the suitability of medium speed maglev transport systems: an analysis of perceptions in the transportation sector
Abstract
Background: Medium speed maglev transport systems are considered a disruptive innovation. This complicates potential access to the transport market, which is dominated by conventional, traditional transport systems. Can maglev systems compete with them?
Aim: Aimed specifically at transport professionals, the survey analyses current [2023] perceptions of maglev systems for passenger and freight transport. Are medium speed maglev systems suitable for the future of transport from the perspective of transport experts?
Methods: International web survey of five hundred professionals in the transport sector. The focus is on application and suitability. It is not a technical comparison of systems.
Results: Medium-speed maglev systems are considered to be competitive, and in some cases superior, to established transport systems in the same speed range. However, most international experts see the suitability of maglev systems primarily for specific applications, such as passenger transport between airports and city centers, or as a freight transport system for special logistics tasks.
Conclusion: An innovation of maglev systems in well-defined applications seems reasonable and promising from an expert's point of view.
75-94
