Vol 8, No 3 (2022)

Cover Page

Full Issue

Reviews

Methods of full-scale survey of shelters of civil defense of railway complexes of the city of Moscow

Enikeev A.I., Katikova A.S., Averchenko G.A.

Abstract

Background: The security of the state is a priority task in science in modern conditions. Transportation area as one of the most important areas for the state sustainable functioning, requires the special attention. It is very important to research scientific approaches and their implementation for providing security at transport. Due to the large concentration of passengers at station complexes, special attention should be paid to keeping them in working condition.

Visual inspection of the actual technical condition (full-scale inspection and measurement) of all structural elements (joints, joints of floor slabs, nodes, joints) of a bomb shelter is carried out to identify existing defects, damages and assess their impact on the safety, durability and serviceability of the bomb shelter.

The article contains a description of the construction of civil defence underground structures, namely: floor slabs, bomb shelter load-bearing elements, internal waterproofing, and special engineering equipment. The condition of these elements of the bomb shelter at the time of the survey is evaluated, and the existing defects and damages are characterized. The main defects are concrete leaching with exposed reinforcement, cracks and spalling of concrete, lack of modern waterproofing, partial destruction of supporting structures.

Based on the results, recommendations for further operation of the structure are formulated. And also proposed a set of measures to eliminate existing violations and further exploitation of underground structures. Recommended a set of works to repair the individual components and structures: pasting modern waterproofing materials, the elimination of minor damages to reinforced concrete structures, restoration of the protective layer of concrete to its design values.

Aim: consideration of methods of full-scale examination of bomb shelters, nderground structures and their application; definition of the technical condition of the structure; development of recommendations for further operation.

Materials and Methods: As a material and input data, asylum No. 6 in Moscow was analyzed, fixing of defects was carried out.

The field method was used as the main one: collection and analysis of preliminary information about the structure, measurement of structures, visual inspection of structures, description of the main defects, establishment of causes, forecast of development and recommendations on elimination of the existing damages.

The article puts more emphasis on the visual inspection and assessment of damages: denudation of reinforcement and poor quality waterproofing, leaching of concrete at the points of contact with ground water, corrosion of reinforcement in reinforced concrete, partial collapse of structures, etc.

Results: As a result of the surveys, a recommendation list was compiled to bring the technical and economic indicators of the structure to the standard state.

Conclusion: according to the results of the survey, it is recommended to perform construction and installation work at the stage of "Repair"

Modern Transportation Systems and Technologies. 2022;8(3):5-19
pages 5-19 views

An approach to the implementation and evaluation of the effectiveness of lean production in a transport organization

Chechenova L.M.

Abstract

Background: Currently, lean production technologies are being actively introduced into the production processes of JSC "Russian Railways". A competent approach to their improvement significantly saves time and reduces operating costs by minimizing or eliminating unproductive losses. This contributes to maintaining a leading position in the transport services market, maintaining consumer confidence despite changing conditions and shifting geography of transportation.

Aim: assessment of the effects of implementing a lean production project to change the technological process of delivering attachments to the site of track work. We confirm that the proposed solutions make it possible to increase the efficiency of the transport organization through the use of lean production tools.

Methods: the methodology of the study is based on the analysis of projects and assessment of the effects of their implementation within the framework of the implementation of the Lean production program in JSC "Russian Railways" using the main provisions of the instrumental approach and the method of cumulative economic efficiency. The information base of the study is based on reports and the regulatory framework of JSC "Russian Railways" and methods of planning and rationing expenses during travel work.

Results: the change in the technological process of work on the delivery of attachments to the place of track work is justified, a roadmap for its improvement is developed. the effects of the proposed project implementation are determined, recommendations for improving the efficiency of the transport organization through the use of lean production tools are developed, prospects for the development of the program in JSC "Russian Railways" are established.

Conclusion: the study confirms that one of the components of the effective development of a railway organization is the development of new and improvement of existing solutions for process optimization based on the active use of lean production methods and tools.

Modern Transportation Systems and Technologies. 2022;8(3):20-30
pages 20-30 views

Original studies

Digitalization of railway station complexes

Nikonova Y.I., Proskuryakova E.A.

Abstract

Background: Digital railway is the most important global trend in the development of railway transport. “Smart station” is part of the digital railway concept. Currently, there is no unambiguous solution to the problem of how to introduce advanced information technologies to improve the efficiency and level of service of the railway transport system in the station complexes. The construction of new and reconstruction of existing station complexes in accordance with the concept of “smart station” is also relevant for Russian railways.

Aim: identify priority areas for the development of station complexes; to characterize the main measures for the digitalization of the management system of railway stations of Russian Railways.

Materials and Methods: in the course of the study, a systematic approach, analysis, synthesis, methods and tools for statistical data processing were used: tabular method, methods for calculating average and relative values, methods for analyzing dynamics. Activities for the digitalization of station management systems were evaluated on the basis of methods for evaluating the effectiveness of investment projects in the field of railway transport. The information base consists of the works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of digitalization of railways, the development of railway stations, as well as strategic documents of Russian Railways: Long-term program for the development of railway stations of the Directorate of Railway Stations – a branch of Russian Railways for the period up to 2025; The concept of efficient use and development of railway stations for the period up to 2030; Development strategy of the Russian Railways holding for the period up to 2030; Long-term development program of Russian Railways until 2025.

Results: the world trends in the development of station complexes are considered; clarified the essence of the category “smart station”; the characteristics of the main directions of digitalization of the station complexes of Russian Railways are given.

Conclusion: the concept of “smart station” is the basis for changes in the organization of the activities of station complexes being implemented in modern conditions. The introduction of digitalization contributes to an increase in the efficiency of all types of activities of the station complexes of Russian Railways.

Modern Transportation Systems and Technologies. 2022;8(3):31-44
pages 31-44 views

Evaluation of flexible rail rigidity and stress-strain state of elements of string rail track structure at the uSky center in Sharjah (UAE)

Unitsky A.E., Khlebus A.S., Tsyrlin M.I.

Abstract

Annotation: The study describes the arrangement of the string rail track structure and string rail; a test section of the track structure with flexible rail at the uSky Transport Center in Sharjah (UAE) is presented.

Aim: analysis of rigidity of flexible rail under action of transport load and its dependence on temperature impact, as well as calculation of forces in elements of flexible rail are performed; the stress range and durability of the flexible rail under cyclic transport load from Unicar-T (tropical) are determined.

Methods: The calculation was made using the ANSYS finite element analysis software package.

Results: Analysis of the calculation results showed high efficiency and reliability of the proposed transport solution, taking into account the ratio of the material intensity of the string rail to the bearing capacity of the track structure.

Modern Transportation Systems and Technologies. 2022;8(3):45-62
pages 45-62 views

Simulation of the maglev suspension dynamic characteristics during movement, acceleration and deceleration

Martirosian I.V., Pokrovskii S.V., Osipov M.A., Starikovskii A.S., Rudnev I.A.

Abstract

Background: When developing high-speed transport systems based on the magnetic levitation phenomenon, it is necessary to take into account a huge number of factors that affect the characteristics and stability of this type systems. One of the simplest and most convenient methods for achieving these goals is numerical simulation.

Aim: simulation of the dynamic characteristics of a magnetic suspension based on a high-temperature superconductor during movement, acceleration and deceleration.

Methods: numerical analysis of the magnetic levitation system was performed by the finite element method in the Comsol Multiphysics engineering simulation software.

Results: during straight motion, lateral vibrations do not exceed 15 %, and the suspension speed and mass increase does not have a significant effect on the vibrations amplitude. In the case of vertical oscillations, the platform mass and speed increase leads to an increase in the vibration resistance of the system. With an increase in the turning radius of the track, the maximum possible speed of entering the turn without detaching the suspension from the magnetic track increases non-linearly.

Conclusion: The developed numerical model makes it possible to predict the dynamic characteristics of levitation transport and can be applied to systems of various scales.

Modern Transportation Systems and Technologies. 2022;8(3):63-77
pages 63-77 views

Braking forces of a traction linear induction motor with an adjustable resistance of a short-circuite winding of the secondary element

Solomin V.A., Solomin A.V., Kolmykova M.Y., Chekhova A.A.

Abstract

Background: The study of the properties of linear traction drives for new types of rolling stock seems to be an urgent task. Linear motors are multifunctional and are capable of providing both traction and braking of promising high-speed rolling stock.

Aim: Investigation of the braking characteristics of an adjustable traction linear induction motor with variable resistance by a short-circuited winding of the secondary element.

Methods: Analytical methods have been used to obtain relations for calculating the braking forces of an adjustable linear induction motor with a short-circuited winding of the secondary element.

Results: The obtained ratios made it possible to calculate the braking forces of linear induction motors.

Conclusion: The results of calculating the braking forces of adjustable linear induction motors make it possible to reasonably choose the braking modes of a new type of rolling stock.

Modern Transportation Systems and Technologies. 2022;8(3):78-88
pages 78-88 views

The simulation of electromagnetic interaction of the components of transport electrotexnical complex

Shandybin A.V.

Abstract

Background: The transport electrical complex includes many interconnected infrastructure components that ensure the safety of the operation of the entire system. The issues of protection against electromagnetic influences are becoming more relevant with the growth of traffic intensity.

Aim: Evaluation of the degree of electromagnetic impact of traction networks on the cable line.

Materials and Methods: Mathematical modeling is carried out using the finite element method and the COMSOL Multiphysics software package.

Results: Current distributions in two typical traction power networks are obtained, taking into account the presence of a cable line in the zone of influence. The generated electric and magnetic fields and the parameters of the current induced on the sheath of the cable line are determined.

Conclusion: The use of mathematical modeling makes it possible to decompose the influences into constituent factors and reveal the internal structure of the mechanism of interaction between the components of the transport electrical complex. The simulation results allow us to confidently fix the induced currents from the force electromagnetic fields on the cable sheath. These studies can be used in the development of modern means of protection.

Modern Transportation Systems and Technologies. 2022;8(3):89-104
pages 89-104 views

Development of a systematic approach to the regulation and adjustment of high-frequency induction heating unit for the needs of electrothermy

Kazymov I.M., Kompaneets B.S.

Abstract

Background: The development and implementation of a systematic approach to the regulation and mutual adaptation of sources and consumers of increased frequency electrical energy in induction heating equipment, based on the study of the relationships and patterns of changes in the main parameters of induction equipment, including uncontrolled changes that occur during the technological process, is an urgent task for improving production efficiency today in the Russian Federation and abroad.

Aim: Creating an effective approach to the regulation and adjustment of equipment operation modes for a sustainable increase in the level of unification of induction heating equipment.

Methods: Experimental study of operating modes of induction installations, computer modeling and CAD.

Results: Description of the developed approach, introduction of a systematic approach, possibilities and prospects for application, recommendations for practical use in industry.

Conclusion: Obtained results make it possible to deepen the understanding of the electrical processes occurring in induction heating installations and can be used in practice in industry to unify the applied high-frequency energy sources; may be of interest to researchers working in this field, as well as to developers of industrial equipment for induction heating.

Modern Transportation Systems and Technologies. 2022;8(3):105-122
pages 105-122 views

The design of the magnetic suspension control system cargo platform

Kireev A.V., Kozhemyaka N.М., Kononov G.N.

Abstract

Background: The paper discusses the features of building a control system for an electro-magnetic suspension of a cargo platform. The operating conditions of cargo systems are associated with a large range of changes in the mass of the cargo and an abrupt change in the voltage of the power source. The control structure of the electromagnetic suspension system contains a non-linear unstable object (electromagnet). This greatly complicates the management process.

Aim: The aim of the work is to study the properties of an unstable control object for its representation by an equivalent linear model, which makes it possible to automate the process of controller synthesis in the MATLAB software environment.

Methods. The main research methods are computer modeling, computational studies, analysis of research results.

Results: An approach to the construction of an adaptive control system for an electromagnetic suspension based on the synthesis of a linear controller based on an equivalent linear model of an unstable object is proposed.

Conclusion: The practical significance lies in the fact that the proposed approach can be used to design a control system for the electromagnetic suspension of a cargo platform.

Modern Transportation Systems and Technologies. 2022;8(3):123-141
pages 123-141 views

Features of the assessment of socio-economic effects arising from the construction of lines of freight maglev transport

Smirnov S.A., Smirnova O.Y.

Abstract

Background: Transport is a sector of the economy that is subject to general economic laws, including with regard to issues related to investing in real assets, developing means of production, and ensuring expanded reproduction. Along with this, transport is a strategic sector at the state level, ensuring the functioning of the economy as a whole. In this regard, there are certain contradictions associated with the assessment of the effectiveness of investments in transport infrastructure. In most cases, investments in transport infrastructure are valued similarly to investments in a business project. After the issuance of Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1512 dated November 26, 2019, the approach to evaluating the effectiveness of investments with state participation has expanded, but it does not fully cover the issues of project effectiveness for the state. Along with this, the classical methods for evaluating the effectiveness of investment projects are subject to great subjectivity in relation to the calculation of social effects, as a result of which their applicability to projects at the national economic level is ineffective.

Aim: to consider the list of effects arising from the construction of transport infrastructure and determine the methodology for calculating the effects for the state.

Materials and methods: the research methodology is based on the analysis of methods for financial and economic evaluation of investment projects, as well as macroeconomic methods. The information base of the study is based on the official legal and methodological information of the authorities of the Russian Federation.

Results: as a result of the study, a list of effects for the state arising from the implementation of transport infrastructure development projects was determined, and the procedure for their calculation was substantiated.

Conclusion: the study confirms that the currently used methods for evaluating the effectiveness of investments in infrastructure projects for the state do not fully and objectively reflect economic realities. The proposed approach to the assessment will make it possible to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the socio-economic effects from the construction of cargo maglev transport lines and improve the quality of management decisions in the transport sector.

Modern Transportation Systems and Technologies. 2022;8(3):142-156
pages 142-156 views

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