Vol 8, No 2 (2022)
Reviews
Prospects for the urban transportation systems development based on the concept of “Mobility as a service”
Abstract
Background: For several decades now, the problem of the "auto-centric" model of megacity transport systems development has been a burning issue, which is characterized by serious negative consequences in the long run, despite certain conveniences for individual users. Urban mobility provides the population with access to economic resources, so a reliable transport system is a key condition for the sustainable development of modern agglomerations. The usage of digital technologies together with innovative products can ensure the efficient operation and competitiveness of public transport. "Mobility as a service" is an end-user-oriented model of urban mobility, which can promote the gradual abandonment of personal car use.
Aim: Consider organizational models for implementing the concept of innovative mobility, identify the potential benefits of digital transformation of the urban transportation system, based on the model of efficient mobility "mobility as a service".
Methods: General scientific research methods such as the systematic approach, analogy, generalization and synthesis were used.
Results: The article explores the innovative urban mobility model based on mobility-as-a-service technology, examines the organizational models of MaaS, identifying the main barriers to implementing this concept along with potential advantages and disadvantages.
5-16
Efficiency of pilot transportation within the framework of the Intertran project
Abstract
Background: Nowadays, the transport industry is facing non-traditional challenges for it, such as the need for digitization of transport services, increasing the mobility of transportation and reducing dependence on paper technologies for its design. At the same time, at the moment, only rail transport demonstrates high-quality development to the market with a reorientation of the geography of services and plays an important strategic role in the development of the eastern polygon, offering exactly what shippers need: regular shipments, the shortest possible time and stable prices despite the global restructuring of markets and economic fluctuations.
Objective: to determine the relationship between the expansion of the use of digital technology and the efficiency of the development of intermodal transport. We confirm that the Intertran project allows railway companies, seaports and regulatory authorities to interact effectively.
Methods: the methodology of the study is based on the analysis of the order of electronic interaction between seaports and railways in the process of intermodal cargo transportation through seaports using electronic documents and data. The information base of the study is based on reports of Asian and European railway companies – members of the International Union of Railways, Russian and foreign forwarding companies, as well as data from the Federal Customs Service of Russia and foreign customs authorities.
Results: as a result of the research, the participation of JSC “Russian Railways” in the development of innovations and the digital market environment is justified, the procedure for processing documents in electronic form within the framework of the Intertran project using mobile workstations is determined, the effects of the organization of pilot cargo transportation within the project are determined, the need to expand the digital environment of trust between participants in transport and logistics processes is established.
Conclusion: the study confirms that the basis for the effective development of the Intertran project and the interaction of railway companies, seaports and regulatory authorities is a set of actions aimed at electronic interaction of participants in the transportation process and further optimization of processing of technological operations.
17-27
Original studies
Innovative methods for preparing the base of transport highways of the use of technogenic formations of metallurgical production
Abstract
Background: In order to effectively reinforcement problem soils based on clay or fine powdery sand, it is necessary to pre-stabilize them, for example, using granulated blast-furnace slag.
Aim: the use of multi-tonnage slags of various nature for highly efficient preparation of bases in the construction of road surfaces.
Methods: soils of natural and technogenic origin were considered as the main object of research: clays, sands, asphalt granulate. Physical and mechanical studies of soils of natural origin were carried out in accordance with GOST 5180-2015 «Soils. Methods for laboratory determination of physical characteristics», the filtration coefficient was determined according to GOST 25584-2016 «Soils. Methods for laboratory determination of the filtration coefficient». The physical and mechanical characteristics of asphalt concrete were determined according to GOST 12801-98 «Materials based on organic binders for road and airfield construction. Test Methods». The component composition of the out-of-furnace slag was determined using X-ray phase analysis. Testing of hardened samples was carried out in a water-saturated state according to GOST 10180-20125 «Concrete. Methods for determining the strength of control samples. The determination of the water absorption value by the mass of the reinforced soil was carried out according to GOST 12730.3-78 «Concrete. Methods for determining water absorption».
Results: reinforcement of pre-prepared soils of any nature is effectively carried out using a reduced consumption of cement in combination with the Nanoaktiv-M complex chemical additive and finely ground blast-furnace slag.
Conclusion: the complex use of various types of metallurgical slags in soil reinforcement provides an effective solution to the technological, economic and environmental problems of our time.
28-42
Comparative analysis of performance of hybrid and pure em suspensions
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the study is a comparative representation of a hybrid EM suspension (HEMS) for maglev transport and a pure EM configuration.
Methods: Several designs have been numerically investigated and compared to conventional EMS. The numerical model has been validated with magnetic measurements on the experimental set-up.
Results: The HEMS implies a combination of electromagnets (EM) and permanent magnets (PM) in a common magnetic circuit. The magnets synergy of HEMS has been demonstrated that leads to sufficient reduction in energy consumption and weight as compared to a conventional EMS.
Conclusions: A desired performance of HEMS has been achieved. Efficiency of the design solutions has been verified numerically and experimentally.
43-54
Computer simulation of long line with loss in steady harmonic mode at active load
Abstract
Background: The implementation of projects to create long-range power systems requires the greatest possible study of not only the technical feasibility of long lines, but also the features of energy transmission along these lines. Such studies can be carried out in the field, using a physical experiment or using computer simulation. The first is limited by the complexity of the experiment, the lack of access to real measurements. Unlike a physical experiment, computer simulation is devoid of these problems: it makes it quite easy not only to model a long line, but also to study it under various operating modes. The practical significance of this work is the applicability of the proposed method in the educational process when students of energy specialties of transport universities perform research on lines with distributed parameters to solve subsequent problems in the development or development of new energy systems of great extent.
Aim: Building a computer model of a long line and developing a method for studying various modes of its operation under various loads, including idling and short circuit.
Methods: Computer modelling.
Results: A computer model of a line with distributed parameters has been constructed, which allows one to study it under various modes.
Conclusion: As part of the development of energy systems, the relevance of developing and modeling new methods for studying various modes in such circuits increases many times over. At the same time, newly developed methods should be applicable in the educational process. The article describes computer simulation and study of a long line under various active loads of the distribution of the effective value of the voltage along the line during its transmission, equal to half the wavelength (half-wave line). Research in this direction has not only scientific significance, but also practical, since it is possible to reasonably develop new models of long lines, as well as solve problems in the field of studying non-stationary (transient) operating modes of long lines.
55-69
Management of transport logistics parameters in the structure of the logistics consulting center
Abstract
Background: A system of quantitative assessments of the parameters for planning and regulating the transport work of the company for the delivery of goods declared by the final buyers is proposed. Specific weighted average costs for delivery of goods to end users have been proposed as parameters for estimating the total costs of fulfilling orders. A methodology for the current selection of roadmaps has been developed based on comparing alternative options for delivery of goods by mixed modes of transport, This helps to generate significant additional income of the company and makes it possible to improve the quality and efficiency of management decisions made in the field of logistics management of the process of delivery of goods of the enterprise to customers. The guidelines for the management of technologies for planning and regulating the parameters of transport logistics of a commercial enterprise (company) are presented. Recommendations are given and functions for creation and operation of the consulting logistics center (CLC) are defined, which determines and coordinates the duties of all participants of the transport process of mixed delivery of goods, taking into account the composition of transport costs, quality and delivery terms.
Aim: To save (reduce, reduce) logistics costs of the company in the processes of transport support of cargo transportation with the involvement of mixed types of vehicles.
Methods: Achieving the goal of the study is based on the use of quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis and synthesis.
Results: A methodology has been developed for the current selection of roadmaps based on the comparison of alternative options for the delivery of goods by mixed modes of transport. The guidelines for the management of technologies for planning and regulating the parameters of transport logistics of a commercial enterprise are given. Recommendations were given and the functions for the creation and operation of a consulting logistics center (CLC) were defined.
70-91
Transformational leadership and sustainable development of Russian transport systems
Abstract
Background: The Sustainable Development (ESG) issue, declared by the UN in 2015 and approved by the Russian Government in 2020, is going through challenging times: the drivers and incentives that have been driving national economies to growth are undergoing significant change. In a situation where many infrastructure organisations have left or temporarily withdrawn from cooperation with Russian companies, the question arises as to how to fill this gap so that companies choosing to continue their movement in the ESG agenda can have the appropriate infrastructure and support.
Aim: The scientific hypothesis of the influence of transformational leadership on the activity of sustainable development processes (ESG) and the development of tools to assess this influence on the effectiveness of transport organisations' operational and business models.
Methods: The methodology of the work is based on the development of the theory of transformational leadership as a new type of effective management activity, the concept of evolution of digital platforms and ecosystems.
Results: The positions of the scientific hypothesis on the impact of transformational leadership tools on the efficiency of operational and business models of transport organisations implementing sustainable development projects and the establishment of a new type of management activity have been confirmed. It has been proved that the existing transactional leadership metrics (KPIs and deviation management) cease to work in the current environment. A model has been developed to quantify the appropriateness of the impact of transformational leadership on sustainable development goals of transport companies.
Conclusion: It has been substantiated that transformational leadership that ensures the principle of unity, intersectorality and resource conservation becomes a new type of management activity that ensures growth of long-term returns from social and 'green investments'. Sustainable development projects of Russian transport companies have been systematised and the conclusion about the superiority of investing in long-term development projects over projects that ensure short-term profit generation has been substantiated.
92-111
Development of the strategic sustainability management system in different periods of its life cycle
Abstract
Background: The formation of a strategic sustainability management system for transport organizations, taking into account the concept of its life cycle, should be aimed at improving management efficiency.
Aim: Based on the essence of the category "strategic sustainability", as well as management methodology, to develop a strategic sustainability management system taking into account the concept of its life cycle.
Methods: The research methodology assumed the use of a systematic approach to the formation of a management system. Methods of data collection, comparison and analysis are applied.
Results: The necessity of developing a strategic sustainability management system in different periods of its life cycle is indicated. The paper presents a management methodology with an indication of the purpose of its structural elements. Based on the developed methodological approach, the authors describe what and how the system does at each of the stages of "system analysis – system design – development – implementation – maintenance" of its life cycle; what goals are set and desired outputs. For the selected management processes, such as management of strategic data preparation, effective use of strategic resources, results of strategic sustainability with risk, innovation and strategic knowledge management; five groups of processes are identified and the types of activities of each group that need to be carried out to achieve strategic sustainability of transport organizations are listed.
Conclusion: The necessity of developing requirements for the formation of a strategic sustainability management system and its life cycle processes based on the essence of the category "strategic sustainability" and the developed management methodology is shown. Obtaining information at different stages of the life cycle will allow for effective integration of processes, which will improve the quality of strategic sustainability management of transport organizations.
112-123
Russian Maglev in integrated transport system
Abstract
Background: Depending on the observed economic and geopolitical situation, before moving to a higher level, there were dependencies on excessive dependence between its regions in conditions of limited resources. A prerequisite for achieving national stability and security is the development of an integrated transport system of the country based on deep cooperation of all modes of transport, which makes it possible to effectively meet the demand for transportation both in technological and economic terms. At the same time, scientific and technological progress should not lead to the breakdown of connections in the transport system, it has a progressive nature, the possibility of interaction between the interaction of various modes of transport - rail, water, automobile, aviation, and prospective, in particular, maglev.
Aim: to consider the possibility of including maglev transport, made according to Russian technology, into the integrated transport system of Russia as a priority mode of transport, to determine the principles of an integrated transport system and to rank the types of transport according to the degree of their compliance with national interests.
Materials and Methods: the methodology of the study is based on the analysis of methods for evaluating the effectiveness of modes of transport, as well as the analysis of the technical and technological features of modes of transport. The information base of the study is based on the statistical information of the state statistics bodies of the Russian Federation, reports of companies participating in the transport industry, as well as data from open sources.
Results: as a result of the research, substantiated the most complete compliance of the Russian Maglev transport system with national interests, the interests of business and society, identified promising niches for the use of the technology.
Conclusion: the study confirms that the Russian Maglev technology should form the basis of the integrated transport system of Russia, which will ensure the country's transport security and high economic efficiency of cargo transportation.
124-134
Impact of railways digitalisation on the national economy development
Abstract
Background: The article examines the existing and designed technologies of railway transport, positioned as digital in the specialised literature
Aim: Study of the process of digitalization of railways, considered as a condition for the digitalization of the entire national economy. The object of the study is freight rail transport in Russia.
Methods: To analyze the digitalization process of railways, modeling of a closed production-consuming reproduction loop was applied.
Results: An important condition for the digitalization of the national economy is the presence of a conditionally closed economic circuit, served mainly by rail and connecting consumers and the entire chain of producers. Such contours should be focused on the absolute needs of the population, which are the most predictable and stable from a quantitative point of view. This, in turn, contributes to the implementation of production and transport activities in a routine manner without human intervention based on digital technologies. The organizational allocation of such closed economic circuits, according to the authors, will make it possible to move on to the digitalization of the national economy.
Conclusion: Railway transport is most suitable for the design of such closed economic circuits and their subsequent digitalization, because technologically isolated from the external environment as much as possible.
135-148
