Application of a piezoelectric resonator to determine the parameters of a contacting liquid

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Abstract

The effect of conducting and non-conducting liquids on the characteristics of a piezoelectric resonator with a longitudinal electric field immersed in a liquid was investigated. The resonator, operating on a longitudinal acoustic mode with a resonant frequency of about 4 MHz, was a disk made of X-cut langasite with round electrodes on both sides. The resonator was fixed at the base of a container filled with the liquid under study. Then, the real and imaginary parts of its electrical impedance were measured as a function of frequency using a vector network analyzer. A modernized electromechanical circuit of such a resonator was constructed, taking into account the effect of conductivity and permittivity of the liquid on the change in the effective area of the electrodes. The possibility of determining the elastic modulus, viscosity coefficient of the studied liquid and the values of additional elements of the equivalent circuit by fitting the calculated frequency dependences of the complex electrical impedance of a resonator immersed in liquid to the measured dependences is demonstrated.

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About the authors

А. P. Semyonov

Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: zai-boris@yandex.ru

Saratov Branch

Russian Federation, 410019, Saratov

B. D. Zaitsev

Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: zai-boris@yandex.ru

Saratov Branch

Russian Federation, 410019, Saratov

A. А. Teplykh

Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: zai-boris@yandex.ru

Saratov Branch

Russian Federation, 410019, Saratov

I. А. Borodina

Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: zai-boris@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4136-7517

Saratov Branch

Russian Federation, 410019, Saratov

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Liquid container with a resonator fixed to the base.

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3. Fig. 2. Frequency dependences of (a) the real and (b) the imaginary parts of the electrical impedance of a resonator made of X-cut langasite without load (blue – experiment, pink – theory).

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4. Fig. 3. Equivalent circuit of a resonator with a longitudinal electric field immersed in a liquid, taking into account the additional edge capacitance Ca and additional resistance Ra.

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5. Fig. 4. Equivalent circuit of a resonator immersed in liquid, taking into account the additional capacitance Ca and additional resistance Ra, which are associated with the presence of liquid, as well as the additional capacitance C0l, associated with the increase in the effective area of ​​the electrodes.

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6. Fig. 5. Frequency dependences (a, c, d) of the real and (b, d, e) of the imaginary parts of the electrical impedance of a langasite resonator immersed in (a, b) water, (c, d) TS-1 kerosene and (d, e) acetone (blue color – experiment, orange color – theory)

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7. Fig. 6. Dependences of the resonant frequency of (a) parallel and (b) series resonances, (c) maximum values ​​of the real part of the electrical impedance and (d) admittance of a langasite resonator immersed in a liquid on the conductivity of the liquid (1 – water, 2 – water-glycerin mixture β=44%, 3 – water-glycerin mixture β=65%, 4 – water-glycerin mixture β=75%).

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8. Fig. 7. Frequency dependences (a, c) of the real and (b, d) of the imaginary parts of the electrical impedance of a langasite resonator immersed (a, b) in water with a conductivity of 27 μS/cm, (c, d) in a water-glycerin mixture β=75% with a conductivity of 123 μS/cm (blue color – experiment, red color – theory).

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9. Fig. 8. Dependence of the additional capacity Ca on the experimentally obtained value εl for non-conductive liquids presented in Table 3.

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10. Fig. 9. (a) – Dependence of additional capacity Ca on the conductivity of liquids: 1 – water, 2 – water-glycerin mixture β=44%, 3 – water-glycerin mixture β=65%, 4 – water-glycerin mixture β=75%. (b) – Dependence of the arithmetically average conductivity values ​​for each mixture of additional capacity on the experimentally obtained value εl.

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11. Fig. 10. Dependences of additional resistance Ra on the conductivity of liquids: 1 – water, 2 – water-glycerin mixture β=44%, 3 – water-glycerin mixture β=65%, 4 – water-glycerin mixture β=75%.

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