Дыхание почвы в аграрных и природных экосистемах европейской территории России
- Авторы: Суховеева О.Э.1, Карелин Д.В.1, Золотухин А.Н.1, Почикалов А.В.1
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Учреждения:
- Институт географии РАН
- Выпуск: № 9 (2023)
- Страницы: 1077-1088
- Раздел: ДЫХАНИЕ ПОЧВ В ПРИРОДНЫХ ЦЕНОЗАХ
- URL: https://transsyst.ru/0032-180X/article/view/665820
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S0032180X23600488
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/UWKLZI
- ID: 665820
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Аннотация
Представлены результаты оценки дыхания почвы в трех регионах: Чувашской Республике, Рязанской и Курской областях. Аграрные и природные экосистемы разделены на семь групп: пашни, пастбища, сенокосы, залежи, леса, места содержания животных и открытые компостные хранилища. Измерения эмиссии СО2 проводили в 2020–2022 гг. камерным методом. Экосистемы оказались ранжированы по возрастанию скорости эмиссии СО2 из почвы в следующем порядке: пашни (0.03–0.24 г C–CО2/(м2 ч)) < пастбища (0.07–0.33 г C–CО2/(м2 ч)) ≤ сенокосы (0.06–0.35 г C–CО2/(м2 ч)) ≤ леса (0.07–0.28 г C–CО2/(м2 ч)) ≤ залежи (0.08–0.37 г C–CО2/(м2 ч)) \( \ll \) \( \ll \) загоны (0.21–8.61 г C–CО2/(м2 ч)) \( \ll \) компостные хранилища (1.15–13.85 г C–CО2/(м2 ч)); причем оценки эмиссии СО2 из почв пастбищ, сенокосов, лесов и залежей в большинстве случаев статистически не различались. Проанализирована зависимость скорости дыхания почвы от гидротермических (температура и влажность верхнего слоя почвы, температура воздуха) и агрохимических (содержание общего углерода и общего азота в верхнем слое почвы, его рН) показателей по географическим регионам и по типам экосистем. Важнейшим среди оцениваемых факторов как на уровне экосистемы, так и на уровне региона является температура почвы на глубине 10 см (rр = 0.41–0.88, p < 0.05). Условия увлажнения не играют значимой роли в формировании потока СО2. В региональном масштабе имеет значение содержание углерода и азота (rр = 0.33–0.92, p < 0.05), которое больше зависит от географического положения объектов, чем от характера хозяйственной деятельности. Рассмотренные показатели на 17–78% определяют дисперсию эмиссии СО2 из почв исследованных экосистем.
Ключевые слова
Об авторах
О. Э. Суховеева
Институт географии РАН
Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: olgasukhoveeva@gmail.com
Россия, 119017, Москва, Старомонетный пер., 29
Д. В. Карелин
Институт географии РАН
Email: olgasukhoveeva@gmail.com
Россия, 119017, Москва, Старомонетный пер., 29
А. Н. Золотухин
Институт географии РАН
Email: olgasukhoveeva@gmail.com
Россия, 119017, Москва, Старомонетный пер., 29
А. В. Почикалов
Институт географии РАН
Email: olgasukhoveeva@gmail.com
Россия, 119017, Москва, Старомонетный пер., 29
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