Vol 7, No 3 (2021)
Reviews
Comparison of hyperloop and existing transport vehicles in terms of security and costs
Abstract
Technological developments have increased the possibilities, comfort, reliability, and speed of the transportation network in the world. Today, various transport vehicles try to meet the speed, economy, and safety demands of passengers. However, as the passengers' demand increase depending on the population, the requirement for innovation in this field increases. Various studies have been carried out to determine the benefit-cost ratio of Hyperloop, an alternative developed to meet the speed requirement in this respect. The decision to build the Hyperloop anywhere else in the world depends on the system's characteristics, such as sustainability, economy, safety, and response to passenger demands. In this study, Hyperloop and existing systems were compared with comfort, safety, and cost considering these criteria. It was focused on the commercial planes, Maglev, and high-speed train features, as they are similar to Hyperloop in these comparisons. Based on the relevant data, it has been reached that the Hyperloop system could prevent it from becoming a widespread public transport vehicle because of its low passenger capacity and expensive construction and operation.
5-29
Major restoration of massive bridge supports
Abstract
The object of research in this article is the methods of restoring massive bridge supports, depending on the nature and volume of destruction. The work is based on the analysis of publications of domestic and foreign scientists, by the method of theoretical study, analysis and generalization of the material. From an organizational point of view, minor work on the repair of supports can be carried out by the order of the roads themselves, but as for large-scale work, they are sharply different from work on temporary restoration. The repair of damaged supports from a broken part of the masonry is not much different from the repair and reinforcement of supports performed on existing bridges. The greatest difficulties will be the repair of supports in the underwater part. To work on each individual repair facility, organizations with high mobility, skilled labor and a sufficient supply of materials are needed.
30-55
Sharing economy development in urban transport systems
Abstract
The evolution of urban transport systems leads to the emerging of new forms of transport services. This trend is increasing during the period of intensive development of new technologies, for example, digital technologies and smart transport systems. However, smart transport system involves not only implementation of information and communication technologies, but also changes in the business model of transport company, forms of their interaction with competitors and consumers. One of this new forms is transport sharing, which is the part of sharing economy. The latter involves the reduction of private ownership and sharing of benefits in different industries. Sharing economy is mainly develops in such areas as housing rental, trade and procurement, job search, and project financing. Recently, the accelerated development of sharing consumption of transport services with the accompanying development of electronic travel search services has attracted attention. This trend may in the near future significantly affect the structure of transport market, as well as forms and methods of doing business in urban transport, so the study of the segment of shared consumption in transport is of particular relevance. The purpose of this article is classification of new business models in the segment of transport sharing, as well as identification of the problems of transport sharing development in Russian megacities. The material for the research was taken from open sources, available publications and scientific articles on the economy of shared consumption.
56-66
Original studies
Electrotechnical complex of maglev rolling stock
Abstract
Background: The development of work in the field of creating cargo maglev transport systems is associated with the development and study of the electro technical complex of the rolling stock for the operating range with long stretches in poorly developed territories.
Aim: The aim of the work is to substantiate the structure and parameters of the components of the electro technical complex of the rolling stock, to study the operating modes.
Methods: The main research methods are functional structural analysis and synthesis, computer modeling, computational studies, analysis of research results.
Results: As a result of the research, the factors that determine the appearance of the electrotechnical complex of the rolling stock have been identified. The basic requirements for the electrical complex are formulated. The structure was developed and the parameters of the components of the electrical complex for the transport platform with magnetic levitation were determined. A high-speed flat car model 13-6990 for the transportation of containers was chosen as the closest railway analogue. A computer model of a combined traction-levitation system based on a linear reluctance inductor motor has been developed. The results of computational studies, confirming the physical feasibility of the electrical complex of the rolling stock with linear reluctance inductor motors, are presented.
Conclusion: The practical significance lies in the fact that the proposed concept of constructing an electro technical complex of rolling stock provides for the creation of a maglev transport system with a low-cost infrastructure.
67-105
Development of a device for control of electric energy parameters in the distribution network
Abstract
Background: As of today, the actual problem in the power sector is to create a device for the collection and transmission of information in networks of different voltage levels.
Aim: The research presented in the framework of this article is aimed at creating a universal device intended for use in electrical networks of low and medium voltage in order to collect and transmit information about the parameters of electrical energy at the place of installation of the device.
Methods: The study was performed with the use of computer modeling techniques developed electronic devices.
Results: A functional diagram of the developed device is given, options for its connection to the network for various conditions and requirements are indicated, and recommendations for use are given.
Conclusion: The obtained results can be used by power grid companies and industrial enterprises to analyze the condition and efficiency of power grids.
106-119
Construction of multichannelmagnetolevitation systems
Abstract
Background: It is proposed to set a traveling magnetic field in a special control channel (beam, pipe), coupled with several controlled channels - small-sized maglev systems in which levitation of transport modules is carried out.
Aim: to interface the control channel with several controlled channels (up to four) – small-sized maglev systems. In this case, the control channel will be located in the center, and the controlled channels at the top, right, bottom, left.
Methods: 3D-modeling, layout, spatial composition, patent search.
Results: The traveling magnetic field in the control channel is created by a moving sequence of interacting magnetic field sources – the movers, which interact too with magnetic field sources of transport modules – the fellow travelers, levitating in the controlled channels through sources of a constant magnetic field. The structure is installed on arched supports that uniformly distribute the load over the support surface. A model of a two-channel system with a lower location of a controlled channel has been developed.
Conclusion: The small-sized maglev systems can form a multi-channel transport system.
120-130
Improved dfig dftc by using a fractional-order super twisting algorithms in wind power application
Abstract
Background: The direct flux and torque control are a robust, simple, and alternative approach control formulation that does not require decomposition into symmetrical components; the direct flux and torque control schemes have been proved to be preponderant for doubly-fed induction generators due to the simple implementation.
Aim: This work presents the minimization of electromagnetic torque and rotor flux undulations of doubly-fed induction generators using fractional-order super twisting algorithms and modified space vector modulation techniques.
Methods: The main role of direct flux and torque control is to regulate and control the electromagnetic torque and rotor flux of doubly-fed induction generators for wind turbine systems. The direct flux and torque control is a traditional control algorithm and robust technique. Fractional-order super twisting algorithms are a new and proposed nonlinear controller; characterized by a robust controller and a simpler algorithm, which gives a good harmonic distortion of current compared to other methods.
Novelty: The A fractional-order super twisting algorithm is proposed. Proposed nonlinear controller construction is based on the traditional super twisting algorithm and fractional calculus to obtain a robust controller and reduces the electromagnetic torque and rotor flux undulations of doubly-fed induction generators. We use in our study a 1.5 MW doubly-fed induction generator integrated into a single-rotor wind turbine system to minimizes the electromagnetic torque, stator current, rotor flux undulations. As shown in the results figures using fractional-order super twisting algorithms ameliorate effectiveness especially minimizes the electromagnetic torque and rotor flux, and minimizes harmonic distortion of stator current (0.16 %) compared to the traditional control scheme.
Results: As shown in the results figures using fractional-order super twisting algorithms ameliorate effectiveness especially minimizes the electromagnetic torque and rotor flux, and minimizes harmonic distortion of stator current (0.16 %) compared to the traditional control scheme.
Conclusion: The direct flux and torque control are a robust, simple, and alternative approach control formulation that does not require decomposition into symmetrical components; the direct flux and torque control schemes have been proved to be preponderant for doubly-fed induction generators due to the simple implementation.
131-149
Modernization of the complex technology of construction of the roadbed
Abstract
Background: The analysis of the complex technology of the construction of the roadbed, developed in RUT (MIIT), with the aim of its modernization on the basis of monitoring changes in the characteristics of the soil with the use of fiber-optic cable during construction.
Aim: Development of intensive technological modes for improving the reliability of the road surface.
Methods: Methods of control and technological regulation of soil compaction in order to reduce humidity at the stage of frost moisture accumulation at the base of the embankment being built.
Results: As a result of the analysis, the modernization of the integrated technology is appropriate.
Conclusion: The proposed methods of technological regulation are effective in the construction of the roadbed on waterlogged soils.
150-157
String superstructures for maglev transport
Abstract
Aim: Justification of the technical feasibility of using string spans made of polymer composite materials for maglev transport systems.
Methods: Computational and theoretical methods of research.
Results: It is shown that by stretching the string and applying special design solutions, it is possible to create a close to" ideal" profile of the track structure for the maglev ovement. At the same time, it is preferable to use polymer composites as the string material, which allow for less sagging than metal ones at the same level of string tension.
Conclusion: The alternative to traditional reinforced concrete or metal structures of string composite superstructures is justified.
158-168
Strategic priorities of JSC “Russian Railways” in the sustainable development
Abstract
Aim: to determine the relationship between the adoption of a sustainable development policy and the effectiveness of the implementation of infrastructure development projects of the JSC “Russian Railways”. We prove that the functioning of the Holding within the framework of the established principles of sustainable development – Environmental, Social, and Corporate Governance (ESG) contributes to the improvement of its operational activities.
Methods: The research methodology is based on the analysis of international approaches and assessment criteria for ESG factors using analytical procedures for identifying cause-effect relationships of the strategy for the development of railway transport in the Russian Federation within the framework of ESG. The work was carried out with a focus on the current state of the railway industry in the Russian Federation in the context of sustainable development goals and is based on the analysis of reports from international organizations and data from the JSC “Russian Railways”, indicated in the Concept of financing sustainable development projects.
Results: The evaluation of the strategic priorities of JSC “Russian Railways” in the strategy of sustainable development with the justification and criteria of development trends. The format of compliance of the strategy for the development of railway transport in Russia with the goals of sustainable growth was established with a comparison of national projects, government programs and strategic goals for the development of the transport complex of the Russian Federation.
Conclusion: The analysis confirms the possibility of using the main results of the study when making decisions on sustainable development of infrastructure sectors of the economy and, in particular, transport to attract “green” investments in projects for the development of backbone infrastructure with priority settings for energy efficiency, environmental friendliness and safety of the railway transport system.
169-179
