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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Anti-Inflammatory &amp; Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Anti-Inflammatory &amp; Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Anti-Inflammatory &amp; Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1871-5230</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1875-614X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bentham Science</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">644621</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2174/0118715230270724231214112636</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>Medicine</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Exploration of Antileishmanial Compounds Derived from Natural Sources</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ghouse Peer</surname><given-names>Gajala</given-names></name><email>info@benthamscience.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Priyadarshini</surname><given-names>Anjali</given-names></name><email>info@benthamscience.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gupta</surname><given-names>Archana</given-names></name><email>info@benthamscience.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vibhuti</surname><given-names>Arpana</given-names></name><email>info@benthamscience.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Raj</surname><given-names>Vethakkani</given-names></name><email>info@benthamscience.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chang</surname><given-names>Chung-Ming</given-names></name><email>info@benthamscience.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pandey</surname><given-names>Ramendra</given-names></name><email>info@benthamscience.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><institution>Centre for Drug Design Discovery and Development (C4D), SRM University</institution></aff><aff id="aff2"><institution>Centre for Drug Design Discovery and Development (C4D), SRM University,</institution></aff><aff id="aff3"><institution>Master &amp; Ph.D. program in Biotechnology Industry, Chang Gung University</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-01-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>1</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-01-07"><day>07</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Bentham Science Publishers</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bentham Science Publishers</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transsyst.ru/1871-5230/article/view/644621">https://transsyst.ru/1871-5230/article/view/644621</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p id="idm46041443611552">Aims::Leishmaniasis is a deadly tropical disease that is neglected in many countries. World Health Organization, along with a few other countries, has been working together to protect against these parasites. Many novel drugs from the past few years have been discovered and subjected against leishmaniasis, which have been effective but they are quite expensive for lower-class people. Some drugs showed no effect on the patients, and the longer use of these medicines has made resistance against these deadly parasites. Researchers have been working for better medication by using natural products from medicinal plants (oils, secondary metabo-lites, plant extracts) and other alternatives to find active compounds as an alternative to the current synthetic drugs.</p><p id="idm46041443615552">Materials and Methods:To find more potential natural products to treat Leishmania spp, a study has been conducted and reported many plant metabolites and other natural alternatives from plants and their extracts. Selected research papers with few term words such as natural products, plant metabolites, Leishmaniasis, in vivo, in vitro, and treatment against leishmania-sis; in the Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct databases with selected research papers published between 2015 and 2021 have been chosen for further analysis has been included in this report which has examined either in vivo or in vitro analysis.</p><p id="idm46041443619520">Results:This paper reported more than 20 novel natural compounds in 20 research papers that have been identified which report a leishmanicidal activity and shows an action against pro-mastigote, axenic, and intracellular amastigote forms.</p><p id="idm46041443624576">Conclusion:Medicinal plants, along with a few plant parts and extracts, have been reported as a possible novel anti-leishmanial medication. These medicinal plants are considered nontoxic to Host cells. Leishmaniasis treatments will draw on the isolated compounds as a source further and these compounds compete with those already offered in clinics.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Leishmaniasis</kwd><kwd>novel drugs</kwd><kwd>parasites</kwd><kwd>herbal plants</kwd><kwd>treatments</kwd><kwd>current synthetic drugs.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ogden, G.B.; Melby, P.C. Leishmania. Encycl. Microbiol., 2009, (Jan), 663-673. doi: 10.1016/B978-012373944-5.00195-4</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Gossage, S.M.; Rogers, M.E.; Bates, P.A. Two separate growth phases during the development of Leishmania in sand flies: implications for understanding the life cycle. Int. J. Parasitol., 2003, 33(10), 1027-1034. doi: 10.1016/S0020-7519(03)00142-5 PMID: 13129524</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Leishmaniasis. 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