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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Physiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Physiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-8139</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-655X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">651536</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0869813923080113</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">LUCAFK</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Distribution of Oxygen Tension on Microvessels and in Tissue of Rat Brain Cortex at Severe Arterial Hypocapnia</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Распределение напряжения кислорода на микрососудах и в ткани коры головного мозга крысы при артериальной гипокапнии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vovenko</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вовенко</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>vovenko@infran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>I. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>И. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>vovenko@infran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-08-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>109</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>1068</fpage><lpage>1079</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-01"><day>01</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Е.П. Вовенко, И.Б. Соколова</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Е.П. Вовенко, И.Б. Соколова</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Е.П. Вовенко, И.Б. Соколова</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Е.П. Вовенко, И.Б. Соколова</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transsyst.ru/0869-8139/article/view/651536">https://transsyst.ru/0869-8139/article/view/651536</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p id="idm45181323651872">Arterial hypocapnia (AH), induced by voluntary or forced hyperventilation of the lungs, is accompanied by a decrease in cerebral blood flow (due to an increase in the arteriole tone) and an increase in the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen. As a result, an insufficient oxygen supply to cortical tissue take place and zones with a critically low oxygen tension (pO<sub>2</sub>) are formed in brain tissue. The distribution of pO<sub>2</sub> to cerebral cortex during AH has not been studied enough. The aim of the work was to evaluate the effectiveness of oxygen supply to brain tissue at the level of arterial and venous microvessels at AH. To do this, the following tasks were set: 1) to study the distribution of the pO<sub>2</sub> on the arterial and venous microvessels of the rat cerebral cortex; 2) to analyze tissue pO<sub>2</sub> profiles near the walls of these microvessels. On anesthetized Wistar rats under conditions of forced hyperventilation (P<sub>a</sub>CO<sub>2</sub> = 17.1 ± 0.7 mm Hg), the distribution of oxygen tension on the wall of pial and radial arterioles with a lumen diameter of 7–70 μm and on the wall of pial and ascending venules with a lumen diameter of 7–300 µm was studied. In tissue, near the wall of cortical arterioles and venules with a lumen diameter of 10–20 μm, tissue pO<sub>2</sub> profiles were measured. Measurements of pO<sub>2</sub> during spontaneous breathing of the animal with air served as a control. All pO<sub>2</sub> measurements were made using platinum polarographic microelectrodes with a tip diameter of 3–5 μm. Visualization of the electrode tip and microvessels was carried out using a LUMAM-K1 microscope with epiobjectives of the contact type. This work presents for the first-time direct measurements of pO<sub>2</sub> on the walls of arterioles and venules of the rat cerebral cortex and in tissues at different distances from the walls of these microvessels at AH. It has been shown that AH results in significant decrease in the oxygen supply to cerebral cortex, that is manifested by a significant drop of the pO<sub>2</sub>’s on venous microvessels and in tissue in the immediate vicinity of the studied microvessels. It has been shown, that the role of arterioles as a direct source of oxygen to brain tissue, is significantly reduced during arterial hypocapnia. Forced hyperventilation results in significant deterioration of oxygen supply to cerebral cortex, despite elevated pO<sub>2</sub> values in the systemic arterial blood and in blood of systemic cerebral veins (sagittal sinus).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p id="idm45181323647456">Артериальная гипокапния (АГ) как результат произвольной или принудительной гипервентиляции легких сопровождается снижением мозгового кровотока (вследствие повышения тонуса артериол) и повышением сродства кислорода к гемоглобину (вследствие увеличения pH крови). При АГ в мозг поступает недостаточное количество кислорода и в тканях формируются зоны с критически низким напряжением кислорода (pO<sub>2</sub>). Характер распределения pO<sub>2</sub> в коре головного мозга при АГ изучен недостаточно. Цель работы: оценить эффективность снабжения кислородом ткани мозга на уровне артериальных и венозных микрососудов в условиях АГ. Для этого были поставлены следующие задачи: 1) изучить распределение напряжения кислорода на артериальных и венозных микрососудах коры головного мозга крысы; 2) провести анализ тканевых профилей pO<sub>2</sub> вблизи стенки этих микрососудов. На наркотизированных крысах линии Вистар, в условиях принудительной гипервентиляции (P<sub>a</sub>CO<sub>2</sub> = 17.1 ± 0.7 мм рт. ст.), изучено распределение напряжения кислорода на стенке пиальных и радиальных артериол с диаметром просвета 7–70 мкм и на стенке пиальных и восходящих (кортикальных) венул с диаметром просвета 7–300 мкм. В ткани, возле стенки кортикальных артериол и венул с диаметром просвета 10–20 мкм, определены профили тканевого pO<sub>2</sub>. В качестве контроля служили измерения pO<sub>2</sub> при спонтанном дыхании животного воздухом. Измерения pO<sub>2</sub> выполнены с помощью платиновых полярографических микроэлектродов с диаметром кончика 3–5 мкм. Визуализация кончика электрода и микрососудов осуществлялась с помощью микроскопа ЛЮМАМ-К1 с эпиобъективами контактного типа. В работе впервые представлены прямые измерения pO<sub>2</sub> на стенке артериол и венул коры головного мозга крысы и в ткани на разном удалении от стенки этих микрососудов при АГ. Показано, что АГ приводит к значительному ухудшению кислородного обеспечения коры головного мозга крысы, что проявляется достоверным снижением pO<sub>2</sub> на стенке венозных микрососудов, собирающих кровь от капилляров, и падением тканевого pO<sub>2</sub> в непосредственной близости от исследуемых микрососудов. Показано, что вклад артериол в кислородное обеспечение ткани головного мозга при гипокапнии, несмотря на повышенное pO<sub>2</sub> в их крови, существенно снижается. Состояние АГ приводит к значительному ухудшению снабжения кислородом коры головного мозга, несмотря на высокие показатели pO<sub>2</sub> в системной артериальной крови и в крови, оттекающей от коры головного мозга (сагиттальный синус).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>arterial hypocapnia</kwd><kwd>oxygen tension</kwd><kwd>hyperventilation</kwd><kwd>pO<sub>2</sub> microelectrode</kwd><kwd>arterioles</kwd><kwd>venules</kwd><kwd>pO<sub>2</sub> gradients</kwd><kwd>tissue hypoxia</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>артериальная гипокапния</kwd><kwd>напряжение кислорода</kwd><kwd>гипервентиляция</kwd><kwd>pO<sub>2</sub>-микроэлектрод</kwd><kwd>артериола</kwd><kwd>венула</kwd><kwd>градиент pO<sub>2</sub></kwd><kwd>тканевая гипоксия</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Curley G, Kavanagh BP, Laffey JG (2010) Hypocapnia and the injured brain: more harm than benefit. 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