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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Voprosy Jazykoznanija</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Voprosy Jazykoznanija</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы языкознания</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0373-658X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5243</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">650611</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/0373-658X.2024.1.60-84</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Antonymy in Russian sign language</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Антонимия в русском жестовом языке</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusakova</surname><given-names>Violetta E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусакова</surname><given-names>Виолетта Евгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ve_gusakova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Burkova</surname><given-names>Svetlana I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буркова</surname><given-names>Светлана Игоревна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>burkova_s@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State Technical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Новосибирский государственный технический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт языкознания РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-03-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><issue>1</issue><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-01-31"><day>31</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transsyst.ru/0373-658X/article/view/650611">https://transsyst.ru/0373-658X/article/view/650611</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article discusses signs-antonyms in Russian Sign Language from the point of view of how visual modality in which this language exists affects their internal structure. The article shows that the correlation between the structure and semantics of antonymous gestures in Russian Sign Language is built primarily on iconicity and the use of three-dimensional space. This reveals the uniqueness of antonymic relations in sign languages in comparison with those in spoken languages.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье анализируются жесты-антонимы в русском жестовом языке с точки зрения того, как визуальная модальность, в которой существует этот язык, влияет на их внутреннюю структуру. Показано, что в русском жестовом языке связь между структурой и семантикой антонимичных жестов строится прежде всего на иконичности и возможности использования при передаче информации трехмерного пространства. В этом проявляется уникальность антонимических отношений в жестовых языках в сопоставлении с одноименными отношениями в звуковых языках.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antonymy</kwd><kwd>iconicity</kwd><kwd>Russian Sign Language</kwd><kwd>sign languages</kwd><kwd>visual modality</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антонимия</kwd><kwd>визуальная модальность</kwd><kwd>жестовые языки</kwd><kwd>иконичность</kwd><kwd>русский жестовый язык</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Апресян 1995 — Апресян Ю. Д. Избранные труды. Т. I. Лексическая семантика. М.: Языки рус-ской культуры, 1995. [Apresjan Yu. D. Izbrannye trudy. T. 1: Leksicheskaya semantika. [Selected works. Vol. 1: Lexical semantics]. Moscow: Yazyki Russkoi Kul’tury, 1995.]</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Базоев и др. 2020 — Базоев В. З., Гаврилова Г. Н., Егорова И. 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