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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Vestnik drevnei istorii</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Vestnik drevnei istorii</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник древней истории</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0321-0391</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">689308</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0321039125010081</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Eighth Michael I. Rostovtzeff lecture</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>VIII чтения памяти М.И. Ростовцева</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Military land allotments in ancient Egypt</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Раздача земли за воинскую службу в древнем Египте</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Muhs</surname><given-names>Brian</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мус</surname><given-names>Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="US">United States</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor in the Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, the Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations, and the College</p></bio><email>bpmuhs@uchicago.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The University of Chicago</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Чикагский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-01-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>85</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>120</fpage><lpage>132</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-08-15"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transsyst.ru/0321-0391/article/view/689308">https://transsyst.ru/0321-0391/article/view/689308</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The ancient Egyptians had a long tradition of allotting land to soldiers. From the beginning of the sixteenth century BC at the latest, land in Egypt and possibly in Nubia as well was sometimes given to demobilized Egyptian and foreign soldiers as a reward for service and possibly as a means of support between military campaigns. From the seventh century BC onwards, some land in Egypt appears to have carried an explicit obligation for its holders for military service when called for duty. These traditions are distinct from the Athenian system of cleruchies in the sixth through fourth centuries BC, in which the service obligation was linked to citizenship. Consequently, both the Egyptian traditions and the Athenian system may have informed and influenced the Ptolemaic system of cleruchies in Egypt in the fourth through second centuries BC, as Michael Rostovtzeff suggested already in 1941.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Выделение земли солдатам существовало в древнем Египте долгое время. Уже с начала XVI в. до н.э., если не раньше, земля в Египте и, вероятно, также в Нубии иногда выдавалась демобилизованным египетским и иностранным солдатам в качестве награды за службу и, возможно, в качестве средства поддержки в период между военными кампаниями. Начиная с VII в. до н.э., некоторые земельные участки в Египте, по-видимому, содержали в себе прямое обязательство для их владельцев нести военную службу, когда объявлялся призыв. Эта система отличается от системы афинских клерухий VI–IV вв. до н.э., в которой воинские обязанности были связаны с гражданством. Вероятно, как египетские традиции, так и афинская система оказали влияние на систему клерухий при Птолемеях в Египте IV–II вв. до н.э., как предположил М. Ростовцев еще в 1941 г.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Ancient Egypt</kwd><kwd>pharaonic period</kwd><kwd>land tenure</kwd><kwd>mercenaries</kwd><kwd>Athens</kwd><kwd>cleruchies</kwd><kwd>Ptolemaic kingdom</kwd><kwd>soldierss</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Древний Египет</kwd><kwd>фараоновский период</kwd><kwd>землевладение</kwd><kwd>наемники</kwd><kwd>Афины</kwd><kwd>клерухии</kwd><kwd>царство Птолемеев</kwd><kwd>солдаты</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Antoine, J.-C. 2014: Social Position and the Organization of Landholding in Ramesside Egypt: An Analysis of the Wilbour Papyrus. Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur 43, 17–41.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Bassir, H. 2016: Neshor at Elephantine in Late Saite Egypt. 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