Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and PhysiologyJournal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and PhysiologyЖурнал эволюционной биохимии и физиологии0044-45293034-5529The Russian Academy of Sciences69705610.7868/S3034552925040041EXPERIMENTAL ARTICLESЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИResearch ArticlePossible pathways and mechanisms of weak alternating magnetic fields influence on cognitive functions in drosophila melanogasterВозможные пути и механизмы воздействия слабых переменных магнитных полей на когнитивные функции Drosophila melanogasterMedvedevaA. V.МедведеваА. В.ShchegolevB. F.ЩеголевБ. Ф.SurmaS. V.СурмаС. В.TokmachevaE. V.ТокмачеваЕ. В.NikitinaE. A.НикитинаЕ. А.21074@mail.ruSavvateeva-PopovaE. V.Савватеева-ПоповаЕ. В.Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of SciencesИнститут физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАНHerzen State Pedagogical University of RussiaРоссийский государственный педагогический университет им. А.И. Герцена15082025614VOL 61, NO4 (2025)ТОМ 61, №4 (2025)25125926112025Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук2025Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://transsyst.ru/0044-4529/article/view/697056

Today, in an increasingly complex technogenic situation, the study of the effect of alternating magnetic fields (AMF) on biological objects is of particular relevance. The most sensitive to the action of magnetic fields is the nervous system. Using models on Drosophila melanogaster with different content of cryptochrome (CRY) (universal photo- and magnetosensor) in the test of conditional reflex suppression of courtship, the ways and mechanisms of the effect of weak AMF on memory and cognitive functions were studied. As a result of the study, a persistent repetitive effect of changing the behavior of Drosophila was found. It has been shown that in the light, a weak AMF stimulates the formation of medium-term memory in a mutant by the CG1848 gene for LIM kinase 1 agnts3, which is characterized by a violation of the learning processes and the formation of a memorable trace both under normal conditions and when exposed to a weak AMF in the darkness. CRY is the main target of exposure to weak AMF, since data have been obtained on the differential effect of light and dark on the formation of medium-term memory. The role of AMF in cognitive processes was revealed. The participation of CRY and AMF in the processes of memory formation will allow developing effective methods of non-invasive therapy of neuropathologies.

На сегодняшний день в усложняющейся техногенной обстановке особенную актуальность приобретает изучение влияния переменных магнитных полей (ПМП) на биологические объекты. Наиболее чувствительной к действию магнитных полей является нервная система. С привлечением моделей на Drosophila melanogasterс разным содержанием криптохрома (CRY) (универсального фото- и магнитосенсора) в тесте условно-рефлекторного подавления ухаживания изучены пути и механизмы воздействия слабых ПМП на память и когнитивные функции. В результате исследования обнаружен стойкий повторяющийся эффект изменения поведения дрозофилы. Показано, что на свету слабое ПМП стимулирует формирование среднесрочной памяти у мутанта по гену CG1848 для LIM-киназы 1agnts3, для которого характерно нарушение процессов обучения и формирования памятного следа как в нормальных условиях, так и при воздействии слабого ПМП в темноте. Основной мишенью воздействия слабого ПМП являетсяCRY, поскольку получены данные о дифференциальном эффекте света и темноты на формирование среднесрочной памяти. Выявлена роль ПМП в когнитивных процессах. Участие CRY и ПМП в процессах формирования памяти позволит разрабатывать эффективные способы неинвазивной терапии нейропатологий.

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