Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and PhysiologyJournal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and PhysiologyЖурнал эволюционной биохимии и физиологии0044-45293034-5529The Russian Academy of Sciences64810810.31857/S0044452924030093YWVNPBEXPERIMENTAL ARTICLESЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИResearch ArticleBlood flow changes in the rabbit cranial and caudal venae cavae during postural loads after propranolol, bisoprolol and methyldopa pretreatmentИзменения кровотоков в краниальной и каудальной полых венах у кроликов при постуральных воздействиях в условиях применения пропранолола, бисопролола и метилдофыEvlakhovV. I.ЕвлаховВ. И.
Russian Federation
viespbru@mail.ruBerezinaT. P.БерезинаТ. П.
Russian Federation
viespbru@mail.ruSergeevT. V.СергеевТ. В.
Russian Federation
viespbru@mail.ruKuropatenkoM. V.КуропатенкоМ. В.
Russian Federation
viespbru@mail.ruPoyassovI. Z.ПоясовИ. З.
Russian Federation
viespbru@mail.ruInstitute of Experimental MedicineИнститут экспериментальной медицины1-st St-Petersburg IP Pavlov State Medical UniversityСанкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова1505202460330831928012025Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук2024Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://transsyst.ru/0044-4529/article/view/648108

To treat the hyperadrenergic form of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, the β1,2-adrenergic receptor blocker propranolol, the β1-blocker bisoprolol and the central agonist of inhibitory presynaptic α2-adrenergic receptors, methyldopa, are used in clinical practice. There is no data in the literature concerning the effects of these drugs on venae cavae flows during postural tests. In acute experiments on anesthetized rabbits, we studied changes of cranial and caudal venae cavae flows during orthostatic (head up tilt by 25°) and antiorthostatic (head down tilt by −25°) tests for 20 s after preliminary pretreatment with propranolol, bisoprolol and methyldopa. Before administration of these drugs, in response to orthostasis at 4 and 20 s, a decrease of the cranial and caudal venae cavae flows was noted. During antiorthostasis, caudal venae cavae flow increased for 4 s, and by 20 s it decreased to the initial value; cranial venae cavae flow decreased by 4 s, and by 20 s it was greater than the initial one. After propranolol pretreatment, caudal venae cavae flow decreased to a greater extent compared with intravenous administration of bisoprolol and methyldopa. After methyldopa administration during orthostasis, by 20 s, the cranial venae cavae flow decreased more pronouncedly than in the caudal venae, while after propranolol and bisoprolol pretreatment under conditions of orthostasis, both cranial and caudal venae cavae flows decreased approximately to the same extent. During antiorthostasis by 20 s after pretreatment with propranolol caudal venae cavae flow increased more than cranial venae cavae flow. In case of pretreatment with bisoprolol and methyldopa, in response to antiorthostasis, cranial venae cavae flow increased not only to a greater extent than caudal venae cavae flow, but also more pronouncedly compared with its increase in rabbits initially. Thus, we concluded, that in case of postural loads after pretreatment with indicated above drugs, there are differences in the mechanisms of blood flows redistribution in the basins of the cranial and caudal venae cavae.

Для лечения гиперадренергической формы синдрома постуральной ортостатической тахикардии в клинической практике применяются блокатор β1,2-адренорецепторов пропранолол, β1-блокатор бисопролол и центральный агонист тормозных пресинаптических α2-адренорецепторов - метилдофа. Сведения о влиянии указанных препаратов на кровотоки в полых венах при постуральных воздействиях в литературе отсутствуют. В острых опытах на наркотизированных кроликах мы изучали изменения кровотоков в краниальной и каудальной полых венах при ортостатическом (угол наклона стола головой вверх на 25°) и антиортостатическом (угол наклона стола головой вниз на –25°) воздействиях в течение 20 с на фоне предварительного внутривенного введения пропранолола, бисопролола и метилдофы. До применения указанных препаратов в ответ на ортостаз на 4 и 20 с отмечено снижение кровотоков в краниальной и каудальной полых венах. При антиортостазе на 4 с кровоток в каудальной вене возрастал, а к 20 с снижался до исходного значения; кровоток в краниальной вене на 4 с уменьшался, а к 20 с — был больше исходного. В ответ на применение пропранолола кровоток в каудальной полой вене снижался в большей степени, чем при внутривенном введении бисопролола и метилдофы. После применения метилдофы при ортостазе к 20 с кровоток в краниальной полой вене уменьшался более выраженно, чем в каудальной, тогда как на фоне действия пропранолола и бисопролола в условиях ортостаза кровотоки в полых венах снижались примерно в равной степени. При антиортостазе к 20 с на фоне применения пропранолола кровоток в каудальной полой вене возрастал больше, чем в краниальной. В условиях применения бисопролола и метилдофы в ответ на антиортостаз кровоток в краниальной полой вене возрастал не только в большей степени, чем в каудальной, но и более выраженно по сравнению с его приростом у кроликов исходно. Следовательно, при постуральных воздействиях на фоне применения указанных препаратов проявляются различия механизмов перераспределений кровотоков в бассейнах краниальной и каудальной полых вен.

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