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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Журнал эволюционной биохимии и физиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0044-4529</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5529</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">648076</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0044452924030022</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">YXVQXW</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The mercury and low molecular-weight antioxidants levels in ungulates of the Republic of Karelia</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Содержание ртути и низкомолекулярных антиоксидантов в организме копытных млекопитающих Республики Карелия</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinina</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинина</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>cvetnick@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyukha</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Илюха</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>cvetnick@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Komov</surname><given-names>V. T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комов</surname><given-names>В. Т.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>cvetnick@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaitseva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>cvetnick@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Baishnikova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баишникова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>cvetnick@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Panchenko</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панченко</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>cvetnick@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonova</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонова</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>cvetnick@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of biology of Karelian Research Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биологии КарНЦ РАН, ФИЦ “Карельский научный центр РАН”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биологии внутренних вод им. И.Д. Папанина РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-05-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>60</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>234</fpage><lpage>243</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-01-28"><day>28</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transsyst.ru/0044-4529/article/view/648076">https://transsyst.ru/0044-4529/article/view/648076</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The high toxicity of mercury (Hg) poses a danger to the environment and humans, but studies of the concentration of this metal in organisms of terrestrial ecosystems are few. Ecotoxicologists also pay little attention to studying the role of antioxidant vitamins in protecting cells from toxic metals. The Republic of Karelia is one of the northwestern regions of Russia, the biogeochemical features of which can contribute to an increase in the mobility and bioavailability of Hg in food chains. The purpose of the work was to determine the concentration of Hg in the liver, kidneys, muscle and hair of ungulate mammals of the Republic of Karelia (wild boar <italic>Sus scrofa</italic> L. and moose <italic>Alces alces</italic> L.) and to analyze the relationship between the level of this toxic metal and the content of low molecular-weight antioxidants – reduced glutathione, retinol and α-tocopherol. Species and tissue-specific of the studied parameters in wild boars and moose are noted. The observations discovered by other researchers that omnivorous species accumulate more Hg in their tissues compared to herbivores, and also that this toxic metal is predominantly accumulated in the kidneys, while muscles contain a minimal amount, have been confirmed. Hg concentrations in most samples of liver and kidney of wild boars and in all samples of these same organs of moose were within the limits recorded for domestic pigs and deer, respectively. The levels of Hg we recorded in the tissues and hair of wild boars and moose were generally comparable to or lower than the levels of this metal noted in animals from other regions of Russia and other countries of the world. In wild boars and moose of Karelia, no statistically significant relationships were found between the Hg level and the content of the studied antioxidants in the internal organs. Moose were characterized by a higher content of α-tocopherol in the body than wild boars, which is a feature of this type of herbivorous ungulate mammal. The results of the study indicate a relatively low level of mercury pollution in terrestrial ecosystems in Karelia.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Высокая токсичность ртути (Hg) представляет опасность для окружающей среды и человека, однако исследования концентрации этого металла у организмов наземных экосистем немногочисленны. Также мало внимания экотоксикологи уделяют изучению роли антиоксидантных витаминов в защите клетки от токсичных металлов. Республика Карелия является одним из северо-западных регионов России, биогеохимические особенности которого могут способствовать увеличению подвижности и биодоступности Hg в пищевых цепях. Цель работы состояла в определении концентрации Hg в печени, почках, мышце и шерсти копытных млекопитающих Республики Карелия (дикого кабана <italic>Sus scrofa</italic> L. и лося <italic>Alces alces</italic> L.) и анализе взаимосвязей между уровнем этого токсичного металла и содержанием некоторых низкомолекулярных антиоксидантов – восстановленного глутатиона, ретинола и α-токоферола. Отмечены видовые и тканевые особенности изученных показателей у кабанов и лосей. Подтверждены обнаруженные другими исследователями наблюдения о том, что всеядные виды по сравнению с растительноядными накапливают в своем организме больше Hg, а также что этот токсичный металл преимущественно аккумулируется в почках, тогда как мышцы содержат его минимальное количество. Концентрация Hg в большинстве проб печени и почки кабанов и во всех исследуемых пробах этих же органов лосей находились в пределах норм, зарегистрированных для домашних свиней и оленей соответственно. Зафиксированные нами уровни Hg в тканях и шерсти кабанов и лосей, в основном, были сопоставимы или ниже уровней этого металла, отмеченных у животных из других регионов России и других стран мира. У кабанов и лосей Карелии статистически значимых взаимосвязей между уровнем Hg и содержанием исследуемых антиоксидантов во внутренних органах обнаружено не было. Лоси характеризовались более высоким содержанием α-токоферола в организме, чем кабаны, что является особенностью данного вида растительноядных копытных млекопитающих. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют об относительно низком уровне загрязнения ртутью наземных экосистем Карелии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>toxicity</kwd><kwd>mercury</kwd><kwd>retinol</kwd><kwd>α-tocopherol</kwd><kwd>glutathione</kwd><kwd>wild boar</kwd><kwd>moose</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>токсичность</kwd><kwd>ртуть</kwd><kwd>ретинол</kwd><kwd>α-токоферол</kwd><kwd>глутатион</kwd><kwd>кабан</kwd><kwd>лось</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>23-24-10001</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Фонд венчурных инвестиций Республики Карелия</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Venture Investment Fund of the Republic of Karelia</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>WHO (2017) Ten chemicals of major health concern. http://www.who.int/ipcs/assessment/public_health/chemicals_phc/en/index.html</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Kalisińska E (ed.) 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