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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of Ichthyology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Ichthyology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы ихтиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0042-8752</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5146</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">650405</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0042875223030244</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">BZGQQR</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Study of the Polymorphism of ISSR Markers in Spined Loaches of the Genus Cobitis (Cobitidae) in Connection with Problems of Differentiation of the Species Involved in the Formation of Polyploid Forms of Hybrid Origin and Determination of Their Taxonomic Status</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Изучение полиморфизма ISSR-маркеров у щиповок рода <italic>Cobitis</italic> (Cobitidae) в связи с проблемами дифференциации видов, участвовавших в образовании полиплоидных форм гибридного происхождения, и определения их таксономического статуса</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>vas_katerina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rastorguev</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Расторгуев</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>vas_katerina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasil’eva</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>vas_katerina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasil’ev</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>vas_katerina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Branch for Freshwater Fisheries Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography—VNIIPRKh, Rybnoe village, Moscow region, Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Филиал по пресноводному рыбному хозяйству  Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института рыбного хозяйства и океанографии – ВНИИПРХ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский центр – Курчатовский институт</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Zoological Museum, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Зоологический музей Московского государственного университета</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт проблем экологии и эволюции РАН – ИПЭЭ РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-05-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>339</fpage><lpage>351</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-01-31"><day>31</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, А.А. Волков, С.М. Расторгуев, Е.Д. Васильева, В.П. Васильев</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, А.А. Волков, С.М. Расторгуев, Е.Д. Васильева, В.П. Васильев</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">А.А. Волков, С.М. Расторгуев, Е.Д. Васильева, В.П. Васильев</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">А.А. Волков, С.М. Расторгуев, Е.Д. Васильева, В.П. Васильев</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transsyst.ru/0042-8752/article/view/650405">https://transsyst.ru/0042-8752/article/view/650405</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We have analyzed the polymorphism of ISSR fragments of DNA by polymerase chain reaction in spined loaches for the first time. The analysis has made it possible to successfully differentiate the genomes, which were presumably involved in the formation of polyploid forms of hybrid origin: Cobitis taenia; spined loaches from the Danube River basin, which are diagnosed as C. elongatoides; C. tanaitica from the Don River basin and spined loaches from Lake Sinoe, which are also assigned to the species C. tanaitica by a number of authors. The following conclusions have been made based on comparative morphological studies of previously undifferentiated forms: (1) spined loaches from Central Europe with karyotype 2n = 50, NF = 96 correspond to the diagnosis of the species C. elongatoides; this species also differs from a number of closely related species and polyploid forms in the origin of the dorsal fin in front of the base of the pelvic fins, as well as in the presence of a spot in the lower half of the caudal fin base; (2) spined loaches from Lake Sinoe and other populations of Central Europe with karyotype 2n = 50, NF = 86 are nonconspecific to C. tanaitica and should apparently be ranked as an independent species, C. megaspila</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p id="idm45181324189120">Впервые проведённый анализ полиморфизма ISSR-фрагментов ДНК методом полимеразной цепной реакции позволил успешно дифференцировать геномы щиповок, предположительно участвовавших в образовании полиплоидных форм гибридного происхождения: <italic>Cobitis</italic> <italic>taenia</italic>; щиповок из бассейна р. Дунай, диагностируемых как <italic>C. elongatoides</italic>; <italic>C. tanaitica</italic> из бассейна р. Дон и щиповок из оз. Синое, которых ряд авторов также относит к виду <italic>C. tanaitica.</italic> В результате сравнительных морфологических исследований ранее не дифференцируемых форм сделаны следующие выводы: 1) щиповки из Средней Европы с кариотипом 2n = 50, <italic>NF</italic> = 96 соответствуют диагнозу вида <italic>С. elongatoides</italic>, от ряда близких видов и полиплоидных форм этот вид отличается также расположенным впереди основания брюшных плавников началом спинного плавника и наличием пятна в нижней половине основания хвостового плавника; 2) щиповки оз. Синое и другие популяции Средней Европы с кариотипом 2n = 50, <italic>NF</italic> = 86 не конспецифичны <italic>C. tanaitica</italic> и, по-видимому, должны рассматриваться в ранге самостоятельного вида <italic>C. megaspila.</italic></p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ISSR polymorphism</kwd><kwd>Cobitis taenia</kwd><kwd>C. tanaitica from the Don River</kwd><kwd>C. Elongatoides</kwd><kwd>C. Megaspila</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ISSR-полиморфизм</kwd><kwd><italic>Cobitis taenia</italic></kwd><kwd><italic>C. tanaitica</italic> из р. Дон</kwd><kwd><italic>С. elongatoides</italic></kwd><kwd><italic>C. megaspila.</italic></kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы глубоко благодарны коллегам, приславшим материал по изученным в настоящей работе щиповкам: П. Рябу, K. Янко (P. Ráb, K. Janko, IAPG CAS, Libechov), М. Повз (M. Povz, ZZRS, Ljubljana), Я. Котушу (J. Kotusz, UWr, Wroclaw), А.Я. Мошу (Институт зоологии АНМ, Кишинёв). 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