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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cell and Tissue Biology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cell and Tissue Biology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Цитология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0041-3771</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-6061</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">685009</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0041377125020046</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">FVKLVR</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Assessing the influence of xanthene dyes on the physical properties of lipid membranes using the molecular dynamics simulation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оценка влияния ксантеновых красителей на физические свойства липидных мембран методом молекулярной динамики</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malykhina</surname><given-names>А. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малыхина</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>efimova@incras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostroumova</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Остроумова</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>efimova@incras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Efimova</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефимова</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>efimova@incras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт цитологии РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-08-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>67</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>104</fpage><lpage>110</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-17"><day>17</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-06-17"><day>17</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transsyst.ru/0041-3771/article/view/685009">https://transsyst.ru/0041-3771/article/view/685009</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Objective:</bold> The correct choice of dyes, especially those targeting cell membranes, is a primary task for successful scientific research. In this work, the effect of xanthene dyes, fluorescein, erythrosine, eosin Y and rose bengal, on the physical properties of model lipid membranes was studied using molecular dynamics simulation.</p> <p><bold>Methods:</bold> Molecular dynamics simulation.</p> <p><bold>Results and discussion:</bold> It was found that xanthene dyes increase the area per lipid, the effect increases in the series fluorescein ≈ eosin Y &lt; erythrosine ≤ rose bengal. Calculation of the packing parameter of the phospholipid molecule “tails” shows that fluorescein, erythrosine and eosin Y have a disordering effect on membranes, while rose bengal has practically no effect on this parameter. Evaluation of the change in the dipole potential of the phospholipid membrane in the presence of dyes shows that their ability to reduce this value increases in the series fluorescein ≈ eosin Y ≈ erythrosine &lt; rose bengal.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions:</bold> Comparison of the results of molecular dynamics simulation with electrophysiological data and the results of differential scanning microcalorimetry has revealed a number of discrepancies, the reasons for which are discussed.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование и цель.</bold> Правильный выбор красителей, особенно нацеленных на клеточные мембраны, является первостепенной задачей для успешных научных исследований. В настоящей работе изучено влияние ксантеновых красителей (флуоресцеина, эритрозина, эозина Y и бенгальского розового) на физические свойства модельных липидных мембран.</p> <p><bold>Метод.</bold> Молекулярное моделирование.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Выявлено, что ксантеновые красители увеличивают площадь, приходящуюся на одну липидную молекулу, эффект возрастает в ряду флуоресцеин ≈ эозин Y &lt; эритрозин ≤ бенгальский розовый. Расчет параметра упаковки «хвостов» молекул фосфолипидов показывает, что флуоресцеин, эритрозин и эозин Y оказывают разупорядочивающее действие на мембраны, в то время как бенгальский розовый практически не влияет на этот параметр. Оценка изменения дипольного потенциала фосфолипидной мембраны в присутствии красителей показывает, что их способность снижать эту величину возрастает в ряду флуоресцеин ≤ эозин Y ≈ эритрозин &lt; бенгальский розовый.</p> <p><bold>Вывод</bold>. Сопоставление результатов молекулярной динамики с данными электрофизиологических исследований и дифференциальной сканирующей микрокалориметрии выявило ряд расхождений, причины которых обсуждаются.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>xanthene dyes</kwd><kwd>lipid membranes</kwd><kwd>packing density</kwd><kwd>molecular dynamics simulation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ксантеновые красители</kwd><kwd>липидные мембраны</kwd><kwd>плотность упаковки</kwd><kwd>метод молекулярного моделирования</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>22-74-10023</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Abraham M. 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