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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Genetics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Genetics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Генетика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0016-6758</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5103</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">667263</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0016675824050041</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">CJOZQK</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА ЖИВОТНЫХ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Genetic Diversity of the Field Vole <italic>Microtus agrestis</italic> (Arvicolinae, Rodentia) in the Central Part of Northern Eurasia According to the Cytochrome <italic>b</italic> Gene Data</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Генетическое разнообразие пашенной полевки <italic>Microtus agrestis</italic> (Arvicolinae, Rodentia) центральной части Северной Евразии по данным анализа гена цитохрома <italic>b</italic></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yalkovskaya</surname><given-names>L. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ялковская</surname><given-names>Л. Э.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lida@ipae.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sibiryakov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сибиряков</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KZ">Kazakhstan</country></address><email>lida@ipae.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krohaleva</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крохалева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lida@ipae.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Markova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lida@ipae.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Borodin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бородин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lida@ipae.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Borisov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борисов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lida@ipae.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chibiryak</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чибиряк</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lida@ipae.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobretsov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобрецов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lida@ipae.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт экологии растений и животных Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Zoology of the Republic of Kazakhstan</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт зоологии Республики Казахстан</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Irkutsk Antiplague Research Institute of Siberia and Far East</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Иркутский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт Сибири и Дальнего Востока</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pechora-Ilych State Nature Reserve</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Печоро-Илычский государственный природный биосферный заповедник</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-05-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>60</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-26"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transsyst.ru/0016-6758/article/view/667263">https://transsyst.ru/0016-6758/article/view/667263</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>An analysis of the genetic diversity of the field vole was carried out with the inclusion of new data on the complete sequences of the cytochrome <italic>b</italic> gene from the least studied area of the species range – the central part of Northern Eurasia (20 localities of the East European Plain, the Urals, Western and Eastern Siberia). The obtained results are generally consistent with modern view on the species phylogeography, but indicate the previously not investigated genetic heterogeneity of the Eastern clade, which occupies the entire Asian part of the species’ range and its European part to Northern and Eastern Europe. The comparison of the genetic diversity analysis results with the age of paleontological findings, carried out using the Urals territory as the example, allows to assume that climatic changes in the late Pleistocene and Holocene could not lead to the complete extinction of the species in the region, but to the spatial redistribution of its populations and to the complete or partial replacement of some genetic groups by others.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Проведен анализ генетического разнообразия пашенной полевки с включением новых данных по полным последовательностям гена цитохрома <italic>b</italic> из наименее изученной области видового ареала – центральной части Северной Евразии (20 локалитетов Восточно-Европейской равнины, Урала, Западной и Восточной Сибири). Полученные результаты в целом согласуются с современными представлениями о филогеографической структуре вида, но указывают на ранее неучтенную генетическую неоднородность Восточной клады, занимающей всю азиатскую часть ареала вида и его европейскую часть до Северной и Восточной Европы. Проведенное на примере Урала сопоставление результатов анализа генетического разнообразия с возрастом палеонтологических находок позволяет предполагать, что климатические изменения позднего плейстоцена и голоцена могли приводить не к полному вымиранию вида на территориях региона, а к пространственному перераспределению его популяций с последующим полным или частичным замещением одних генетических групп другими.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>genetic differentiation</kwd><kwd>phylogeography</kwd><kwd>mitochondrial genome</kwd><kwd>evolutionary history</kwd><kwd>Arvicolini</kwd><kwd>Ural region</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>генетическая дифференциация</kwd><kwd>филогеография</kwd><kwd>митохондриальный геном</kwd><kwd>эволюционная история</kwd><kwd>Arvicolini</kwd><kwd>Уральский регион</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>22-14-00332</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Млекопитающие России: систематико-географический справочник. 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