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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Genetics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Genetics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Генетика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0016-6758</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5103</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">667067</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0016675823100156</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">ZWDVWN</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА ЧЕЛОВЕКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Effect of Chronic Radiation Exposure on Human microRNA Expression</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние хронического радиационного воздействия на экспрессию микроРНК человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yanishevskaya</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Янишевская</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>yanishevskaya@urcrm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Blinova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Блинова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>yanishevskaya@urcrm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Akleyev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аклеев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>yanishevskaya@urcrm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Уральский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Chelyabinsk State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Челябинский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-10-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>59</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>1171</fpage><lpage>1178</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-26"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, М.А. Янишевская, Е.А. Блинова, А.В. Аклеев</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, М.А. Янишевская, Е.А. Блинова, А.В. Аклеев</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">М.А. Янишевская, Е.А. Блинова, А.В. Аклеев</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">М.А. Янишевская, Е.А. Блинова, А.В. Аклеев</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transsyst.ru/0016-6758/article/view/667067">https://transsyst.ru/0016-6758/article/view/667067</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p id="idm45181324632176">Relative expression of mature microRNA assessed in peripheral blood cells in persons chronically exposed to low-dose radiation in the long-term period. The study included people exposed in the 1950s on the Techa River (Southern Urals, Russia). The cumulative red bone marrow doses (RBM) of the persons in the main study group (33 persons) ranged from 77.7 to 2869.8 mGy (mean value – 698.5 mGy). The comparison group consisted of 30 people with RBM dose not exceeding 70 mGy over their lifetime. Reverse transcription of RNA samples was performed using specific stem-loop primers (“stem-loop”). Changes in the relative content of microRNA were assessed by real-time PCR on the CFX96 detection system (BioRad, USA). Statistical analysis of the results was performed using Mann–Whitney U-criterion. A significant increase in hsa-miR-125b, hsa-miR-181a, and hsa-miR-16-5p content was detected in exposed people after 60 years, and their expression was found to depend on the RBM dose.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p id="idm45181324629312">Проведена оценка относительной экспрессии зрелых микроРНК в клетках периферической крови у лиц, подвергшихся хроническому радиационному воздействию в малых дозах в отдаленном периоде. В исследование были включены люди, подвергшиеся облучению в 1950-х гг. на р. Тече (Южный Урал, Россия). Кумулятивные дозы облучения красного костного мозга (ККМ) лиц из основной исследуемой группы (33 человека) находились в диапазоне от 77.7 до 2869.8 мГр (среднее значение – 698.5 мГр). Группу сравнения составили 30 человек, с дозой облучения ККМ, не превышающей 70 мГр за весь период жизни. Обратную транскрипцию образцов РНК проводили с использованием специфических шпилькообразных праймеров (“stem-loop”). Изменение относительного содержания микроРНК оценивали методом ПЦР “в реальном времени” на приборе CFX96 (“BioRad”, США). Статистический анализ полученных результатов проводился с использованием <italic>U</italic>-критерия Манна–Уитни. У облученных людей спустя 60 лет обнаружено статистически значимое зависимое от дозы облучения ККМ увеличение содержания микроРНК hsa-miR-125b, hsa-miR-181а, hsa-miR-16.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microRNA</kwd><kwd>expression</kwd><kwd>PCR</kwd><kwd>the Techa River</kwd><kwd>chronic exposure</kwd><kwd>radiation exposure.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микроРНК</kwd><kwd>экспрессия</kwd><kwd>ПЦР</kwd><kwd>Южный Урал</kwd><kwd>хроническое облучение</kwd><kwd>радиационное воздействие.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Friedman R.C., Farh K.K., Burge C.B. et al. Most mammalian mRNAs are conserved targets of microRNAs // Genome Res. 2009. V. 19. № 1. 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