Russian Journal of GeneticsRussian Journal of GeneticsГенетика0016-67583034-5103The Russian Academy of Sciences66705710.31857/S0016675823100107UBASAAОБЗОРНЫЕ И ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ СТАТЬИImmunogenetic Factors in the Pathogenesis of SchizophreniaИммуногенетические факторы в патогенезе шизофренииPlotnikovaM. Yu.ПлотниковаМ. Ю.plotnikova.m.u.1996@gmail.comKunizhevaS. S.КунижеваС. С.plotnikova.m.u.1996@gmail.comRozhdestvenskikhE. V.РождественскихЕ. В.plotnikova.m.u.1996@gmail.comAndreevaT. V.АндрееваТ. В.plotnikova.m.u.1996@gmail.comVavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of SciencesИнститут общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской академии наукCenter for Genetics and Life Sciences, “Sirius” UniversityЦентр генетики и наук о жизни, Университет “Сириус”Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityМосковский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова0110202359101103111126022025Copyright ©; 2023, М.Ю. Плотникова, С.С. Кунижева, Е.В. Рождественских, Т.В. АндрееваCopyright ©; 2023, М.Ю. Плотникова, С.С. Кунижева, Е.В. Рождественских, Т.В. Андреева2023М.Ю. Плотникова, С.С. Кунижева, Е.В. Рождественских, Т.В. АндрееваМ.Ю. Плотникова, С.С. Кунижева, Е.В. Рождественских, Т.В. Андрееваhttps://transsyst.ru/0016-6758/article/view/667057

Human predisposition to neurological diseases such as schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and other neuropathologies is associated with genetic and environmental factors. One of the promising directions in the area of molecular neurosciences is the study of the role of immunogenetic mechanisms in different types of pathological processes in brain. This review explores the role of complex histocompatibility genes in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, evaluating changes in the immune repertoire of T- and B-cell receptors in neuroinflammation.

Предрасположенность человека к нейропсихическим заболеваниям, таким как шизофрения, болезнь Альцгеймера, болезнь Паркинсона и другим нейропатологиям связана как с генетическими факторами, так и с факторами внешней среды. В настоящее время одним из перспективных направлений в области молекулярных нейронаук является исследование роли иммуногенетических механизмов при различных типах патологических процессов в мозге. В данном обзоре освещаются последние результаты исследований в области иммуногенетики шизофрении, а также ряда других нейропсихических патологий, в патогенезе которых подтверждена роль иммунного компонента. В рамках данного обзора рассмотрена роль генов главного комплекса гистосовместимости в патогенезе шизофрении, оценка изменений иммунного репертуара Т-клеточных и B-клеточных рецепторов при нейровоспалении. Также представлены результаты изучения генов иммуноглобулинов, изменение работы которых связано с развитием нейропсихических патологий.

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