Russian Journal of GeneticsRussian Journal of GeneticsГенетика0016-67583034-5103The Russian Academy of Sciences66701510.31857/S0016675823120032QDPGGWОБЗОРНЫЕ И ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ СТАТЬИGenetics and Epigenetics of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: a Narrative ReviewГенетика и эпигенетика несуицидального самоповреждающего поведения: нарративный обзорKibitovА. А.КибитовА. А.andreykibitov18@gmail.comMazoG. E.МазоГ. Э.andreykibitov18@gmail.comMental Health Research CenterНаучный центр психического здоровьяBekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and NeurologyНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева0112202359121347135926022025Copyright ©; 2023, А.А. Кибитов, Г.Э. МазоCopyright ©; 2023, А.А. Кибитов, Г.Э. Мазо2023А.А. Кибитов, Г.Э. МазоА.А. Кибитов, Г.Э. Мазоhttps://transsyst.ru/0016-6758/article/view/667015

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), or self-harm is widely spread, especially among the young people. However, despite the problem’s relevance, NSSI was investigated mainly from the psychological and social perspective, while a fairly small number of biological studies of NSSI have been published to date. The aim of this narrative review was to analyze all the currently available publications on the genetics and epigenetics of NSSI – one of the most promising areas in biological research. We discussed and analyzed all stages of genetic research of NSSI: from twin studies and studies of self-harm in the framework of hereditary diseases to candidate genes, genome-wide, epigenetic and gene-environment interactions studies. We demonstrated data indicating significant contribution of genetic and epigenetic factors to the development of NSSI, discussed advantages and limitations of analyzed studies, outlined prospects for further research in this area.

Несуицидальное самоповреждающее поведение (НССП), или селфхарм, широко распространено, особенно среди людей молодого возраста. Тем не менее, несмотря на актуальность данной проблемы, НССП исследовалось в основном с психологических и социальных позиций, в то время как биологические основы НССП изучались в значительно меньшем объеме. Цель данного нарративного обзора – анализ всей доступной на данный момент литературы по генетике и эпигенетике НССП, являющихся одними из наиболее перспективных областей биологических исследований. Обсуждены и проанализированы все этапы развития генетических исследований НССП: от близнецовых исследований и изучения самоповреждений в рамках наследственных заболеваний к поиску генов-кандидатов, полногеномным исследованиям и изучению эпигенетических механизмов и взаимодействия “ген–среда”. Продемонстрирован значимый вклад генетических и эпигенетических факторов в развитие НССП, обсуждены преимущества и ограничения проведенных исследований, намечены перспективы развития дальнейших исследований в данной области.

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