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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Genetics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Genetics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Генетика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0016-6758</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5103</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">666885</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0016675823020054</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">KXIZXI</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА ЖИВОТНЫХ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Mitochondrial DNA Evolution Trends of Baikal Endemic Sponges. I. Mitochondrial Genome of <italic>S. khanaevi</italic></article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности эволюции митохондриальной ДНК байкальских эндемичных губок. I. Митохондриальный геном <italic>Swartschewskia khanaevi</italic></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maikova</surname><given-names>О. О.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Майкова</surname><given-names>О. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>idboo8@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sherbakov</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербаков</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>idboo8@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Лимнологический институт Сибирского отделения 
Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-02-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>59</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>170</fpage><lpage>175</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-26"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, О.О. Майкова, Д.Ю. Щербаков</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, О.О. Майкова, Д.Ю. Щербаков</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">О.О. Майкова, Д.Ю. Щербаков</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">О.О. Майкова, Д.Ю. Щербаков</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transsyst.ru/0016-6758/article/view/666885">https://transsyst.ru/0016-6758/article/view/666885</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p id="idm45181324922544">The nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial genome of a new species of sponge from the Baikal endemic family Lubomirskiidae – <italic>Swartschewskia khanaevi</italic> was determined, the length of which was 26 638 bp. An increase in the rate of accumulation of nucleotide substitutions in protein-coding genes from 2 to 3 times relative to other species of sponges of the Lubomirskiidae family was revealed. On the phylogenetic tree, the species <italic>S. khanaevi</italic> clusters with another representative of the genus <italic>Swartschewskia</italic>. It was shown that all studied mitochondrial genomes of Lubomirskiidae are characterized by the presence of a large number and diversity of inverted repeats in intergenic regions, which distinguishes them from other members of the Demospongiae class.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p id="idm45181324921424">Определена нуклеотидная последовательность митохондриального генома нового вида губки из байкальского эндемичного семейства Lubomirskiidae – <italic>Swartschewskia khanaevi</italic>, длина которого составила 26 638 пн. Филогенетический анализ на основе 14 белок-кодирующих митохондриальных генов подтвердил принадлежность описанного недавно нового вида <italic>S. khanaevi </italic>к роду <italic>Swartschewskia</italic>. Выявлено увеличение скорости накопления нуклеотидных замен в белок-кодирующих генах у видов рода <italic>Swartschewskia</italic> относительно других видов семейства Lubomirskiidae. Показано, что для всех исследованных митохондриальных геномов Lubomirskiidae характерно наличие большого количества и разнообразия инвертированных повторов в межгенных районах, что отличает их от других представителей класса Demospongiae.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mitochondrial genome</kwd><kwd>evolution rate</kwd><kwd>intergenic regions</kwd><kwd>molecular phylogeny</kwd><kwd><italic>Swartschewskia khanaevi</italic></kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>митохондриальный геном</kwd><kwd>скорость эволюции</kwd><kwd>межгенные районы</kwd><kwd>молекулярная филогения</kwd><kwd><italic>Swartschewskia khanaevi</italic></kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Manconi R., Pronzato R. Phylum Porifera // Ecology and General Biology: Thorp and Covich’s Freshwater Invertebrates. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2015. 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