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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Genetics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Genetics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Генетика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0016-6758</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5103</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">666845</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0016675823060115</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">SUEMFU</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКИЕ МОДЕЛИ И МЕТОДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparative Analysis of Structural Variant Callers on the Short-Read Whole-Genome Sequencing Data</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнительный анализ инструментов для поиска структурных вариантов на данных короткоридового полногеномного секвенирования</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mkrtchian</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мкртчян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>AMkrtchyan@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yudin</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юдин</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>AMkrtchyan@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Keskinov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кескинов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>AMkrtchyan@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yudin</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юдин</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>AMkrtchyan@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shpakova</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шпакова</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>AMkrtchyan@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>AMkrtchyan@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Snigir</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Снигирь</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>AMkrtchyan@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeev</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеев</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>AMkrtchyan@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Svetlichny</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Светличный</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>AMkrtchyan@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pilipenko</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пилипенко</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>AMkrtchyan@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashechkin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивашечкин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>AMkrtchyan@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zemsky</surname><given-names>P. U.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Земский</surname><given-names>П. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>AMkrtchyan@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitrofanov</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митрофанов</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>AMkrtchyan@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazakova</surname><given-names>P. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казакова</surname><given-names>П. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>AMkrtchyan@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grammatikati</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грамматикати</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>AMkrtchyan@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Skvortsova</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скворцова</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>AMkrtchyan@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks”
of the Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение Центр стратегического планирования
и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью
Федерального медико-биологического агенства России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное медико-биологическое агентство России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-06-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>59</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>687</fpage><lpage>707</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-26"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, А.А. Мкртчян, К.С. Грамматикати, П.Г. Казакова, С.И. Митрофанов, П.Ю. Земский, А.А. Ивашечкин, М.Н. Пилипенко, Д.В. Светличный, А.П. Сергеев, Е.А. Снигирь, Л.В. Фролова, Т.А. Шпакова, В.С. Юдин, А.А. Кескинов, С.М. Юдин, В.И. Скворцова</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, А.А. Мкртчян, К.С. Грамматикати, П.Г. Казакова, С.И. Митрофанов, П.Ю. Земский, А.А. Ивашечкин, М.Н. Пилипенко, Д.В. Светличный, А.П. Сергеев, Е.А. Снигирь, Л.В. Фролова, Т.А. Шпакова, В.С. Юдин, А.А. Кескинов, С.М. Юдин, В.И. Скворцова</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">А.А. Мкртчян, К.С. Грамматикати, П.Г. Казакова, С.И. Митрофанов, П.Ю. Земский, А.А. Ивашечкин, М.Н. Пилипенко, Д.В. Светличный, А.П. Сергеев, Е.А. Снигирь, Л.В. Фролова, Т.А. Шпакова, В.С. Юдин, А.А. Кескинов, С.М. Юдин, В.И. Скворцова</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">А.А. Мкртчян, К.С. Грамматикати, П.Г. Казакова, С.И. Митрофанов, П.Ю. Земский, А.А. Ивашечкин, М.Н. Пилипенко, Д.В. Светличный, А.П. Сергеев, Е.А. Снигирь, Л.В. Фролова, Т.А. Шпакова, В.С. Юдин, А.А. Кескинов, С.М. Юдин, В.И. Скворцова</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transsyst.ru/0016-6758/article/view/666845">https://transsyst.ru/0016-6758/article/view/666845</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p id="idm45181322464880">In this study three structural variant callers (Manta, Smoove, Delly) were analysed on the whole-genome sequencing data using four different alignment algorithms: DRAGEN, GDC DNA-Seq Alignment Workflow, GDC DNA-Seq Alignment Workflow + GDC DNA-Seq Co-Cleaning Workflow, NovoAlign, different lengths of raw reads: 2 × 150 bp and 2 × 250 bp, different mean genome coverage values. Results were compared to etalon results of GIAB team. Structural variants validation was hold also with Sanger sequencing. Structural variants deletions and insertions as it turned out were best determined with Manta tool. We’ve got 89–96% of accuracy and 59–70% of sensitivity for analysed deletions, and also 96–99% of accuracy and 15–36% of sensitivity for insertions. Smoove and Delly showed less accurate and sensitive results (Smoove: 91–95% of accuracy and 8–54% of sensitivity for deletions, Delly: 78–87% of accuracy and 31–66% of sensitivity for deletions, 99–100% of accuracy and 1–13% of sensitivity for insertions). Simultaneous using of two or even three structural variant callers didn’t give a rise of accuracy and sensitivity for deletions. Analysis showed that accuracy and sensitivity of structural variant callers rise with the rising of mean genome coverage value, increasing of reads length from 150 to 250 bp influence in to varying degrees on the accuracy and sensitivity of individual tools. Another inference of this study was that accuracy of structural variants callers vary depends on structural variants size range. For example, Manta finds better deletions in the range from 200 and more bp, Delly – from 1000 to 10 000 bp, Smoove – from 200 to 10 000 bp.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p id="idm45181322461584">Проанализирована работа трех биоинформатических инструментов (Manta, Smoove, Delly) для поиска структурных вариантов на данных полногеномного секвенирования с использованием четырех разных алгоритмов выравнивания: DRAGEN, GDC DNA-SeqAlignment Workflow, GDC DNA-SeqAlignmentWorkflow + GDC DNA-SeqCo-cleaning Workflow, NovoAlign, разных длин “сырых” прочтений: 2 × 150 и 2 × 250 пн, разных показателей среднего покрытия генома. Полученные показания соотнесены с эталонными результатами команды GIAB. Проведена проверка выявленных структурных вариантов с помощью секвенирования по методу Сэнгера. Выявили, что структурные варианты типа делеция и инсерция лучше всего определяются с помощью инструмента Manta. Мы получили 89–96% точности и 59–70% чувствительности для проанализированных делеций, а также 96–99% точности и 15–36% чувствительности для инсерций. Smoove и Delly продемонстрировали менее точные и чувствительные результаты (Smoove: 91–95% точности и 8–54% чувствительности для делеций; Delly: 78–87% точности и 31–66% чувствительности для делеций, 99–100% точности и 1–13% чувствительности для инсерций). Показали, что использование комбинации из двух и даже трех инструментов не повышает процента подтвержденных структурных вариантов для типов делеция, инсерция, дупликация. Проведенный анализ выявил, что с увеличением среднего значения покрытия генома увеличиваются показатели точности и чувствительности работы биоинформатических инструментов для поиска структурных вариантов, а увеличение длины прочтений с 150 до 250 пн влияет в разной степени на точность и чувствительность работы отдельных инструментов. Также сделали вывод, что точность работы инструментов для поиска структурных вариантов варьируется в зависимости от диапазона размеров структурных вариантов. Например, Manta лучше находит делеции в диапазоне от 200 и более пн, Delly – от 1000 до 10 000 пн, Smoove – от 200 до 10 000 пн.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>structural variants</kwd><kwd>WGS</kwd><kwd>short-read sequencing</kwd><kwd>alignment</kwd><kwd>GIAB.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>структурные варианты</kwd><kwd>полногеномное секвенирование</kwd><kwd>секвенирование на коротких прочтениях</kwd><kwd>выравнивание</kwd><kwd>GIAB.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Pang A.W., MacDonald J.R., Pinto D. et al. Towards a comprehensive structural variation map of an individual human genome // Genome Biol. 2010. V. 11. № 5. 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