Russian Journal of GeneticsRussian Journal of GeneticsГенетика0016-67583034-5103The Russian Academy of Sciences66682010.31857/S001667582308009XXTTPAIГЕНЕТИКА РАСТЕНИЙThe Content of Carotoids and the Expression Profile of Carotenoid Biogenesis Genes during Long-Term Cold Storage of Potato TubersЭкспрессия генов биогенеза каротиноидов в процессе длительного холодового хранения клубней картофеляKulakovaA. M.КулаковаА. В.kulakova_97@mail.ruShchennikovaA. V.ЩенниковаА. В.kulakova_97@mail.ruKochievaE. Z.КочиеваЕ. З.kulakova_97@mail.ruInstitute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of SciencesФедеральный исследовательский центр “Фундаментальные основы биотехнологии” Российской академии наук0108202359891492826022025Copyright ©; 2023, А.В. Кулакова, А.В. Щенникова, Е.З. КочиеваCopyright ©; 2023, А.В. Кулакова, А.В. Щенникова, Е.З. Кочиева2023А.В. Кулакова, А.В. Щенникова, Е.З. КочиеваА.В. Кулакова, А.В. Щенникова, Е.З. Кочиеваhttps://transsyst.ru/0016-6758/article/view/666820

Carotenoids are secondary metabolites that are synthesized and stored in all types of plant plastids. These pigments play a significant role in protection against oxidative stress, as well as in the color of flowers and sink organs. Tubers of potato Solanum tuberosum L. synthesize carotenoids, including during post-harvest storage. The state of physiological dormancy and cold stress response are controlled, among other things, by abscisic acid (ABA), which is an apocarotenoid. In this study, we analyzed the expression of carotenoid biogenesis pathway genes (PSY1, PSY2, PSY3, PDS, ZDS, Z-ISO, CRTISO, LCYB1, LCYB2, LCYE, VDE, ZEP, NSY, NCED1, NCED2, and NCED6), as well as genes putatively involved in initiation of chromoplast differentiation (OR1 and OR2), in the dynamics of long-term cold storage (September, February, April) of tubers of potato cultivars Barin, Utro, Krasavchik, Sevemoe siyanie and Nadezhda. It was shown that OR1, and OR2 mRNAs are present in tubers of all cultivars at all stages of storage. The expression profile of all analyzed carotenoid biosynthesis genes during tuber storage was characterized by a significant decrease in transcript levels in February compared to September, with some exceptions. In the period from February to April, the level of gene transcripts changed insignificantly. The biochemical analysis of the carotenoid content in the dynamics of cold storage showed that at the time of harvesting, the highest carotenoid content was in tubers of the cv. Utro; tubers of other cultivars were characterized by a similar amount of carotenoids. During storage from September to April, the total carotenoids changed in a genotype-dependent manner without any trend common to all cultivars.

Каротиноиды представляют собой вторичные метаболиты, которые синтезируются и откладываются во всех типах пластид растений. Данные пигменты играют значимую роль в защите от оксидативного стресса, а также в окраске цветков и запасающих органов растений. Клубни картофеля Solanum tuberosum L. синтезируют каротиноиды, в том числе в процессе послеуборочного хранения. В данном исследовании был проведен анализ экспрессии генов пути биогенеза каротиноидов (PSY1, PSY2, PSY3, PDS, ZDS, Z-ISO, CRTISO, LCYB1, LCYB2, LCYE, VDE, ZEP, NSY, NCED1, NCED2 и NCED6), а также генов предполагаемой инициации дифференцировки хромопластов (OR1 и OR2) в динамике длительного холодового хранения (сентябрь, февраль, апрель) клубней картофеля сортов Барин, Красавчик, Утро, Северное сияние и Надежда. Было показано, что мРНК OR1 и OR2 присутствует в клубнях всех сортов на всех этапах хранения. Для всех анализируемых генов ферментов пути биосинтеза каротиноидов профиль экспрессии по мере хранения клубней характеризовался существенным снижением уровней транскриптов в феврале в сравнении с сентябрем, за некоторыми исключениями. В период с февраля по апрель уровень транскриптов генов менялся несущественно. Проведенный биохимический анализ содержания каротиноидов в динамике холодового хранения показал, что в момент сбора урожая самое высокое содержание каротиноидов в клубнях сорта Утро; клубни остальных сортов характеризовались сходной суммой каротиноидов. По мере хранения с сентября по апрель суммарное содержание каротиноидов изменялось генотип-зависимым образом без какой-либо общей для сортов тенденции. В целом в работе впервые была охарактеризована активность большинства генов пути метаболизма каротиноидов в процессе длительного холодового хранения клубней, что существенно дополняет известные данные по экспрессионному ответу этих генов на абиотический стресс.

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