<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Physics of Metals and Metallography</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Physics of Metals and Metallography</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физика металлов и металловедение</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0015-3230</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-6215</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">695551</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0015323025070059</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИЕ И МАГНИТНЫЕ СВОЙСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">MAGNETIC ORDER IN THE SANDWICH STRUCTURE OF THE COMPOUND Fe3GeTe2</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>МАГНИТНЫЙ ПОРЯДОК В СЭНДВИЧ-СТРУКТУРЕ СОЕДИНЕНИЯ Fe3GeTe2</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1455-965X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57217591141</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">K-3344-2013</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1931-6864</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Men'shenin</surname><given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меньшенин</surname><given-names>Владимир Васильевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Chief Researcher, Laboratory of Theoretical Physics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор физико- математических наук, главный научный сотрудник, лаборатория теоретической физики</p></bio><email>menshenin@imp.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт физики металлов УрО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>126</volume><issue>7</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>781</fpage><lpage>787</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-30"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-10-30"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transsyst.ru/0015-3230/article/view/695551">https://transsyst.ru/0015-3230/article/view/695551</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Magnetic ordering of the sandwich structure of the Fe<sub>3</sub>GeTe<sub>2</sub> compound is investigated. Two cases are considered. In the first case, the interaction between the layers containing iron atoms is neglected. In the second case, such interaction is considered small. It is shown that in the first case, a phase transition to a ferromagnetic state of the Ising type with a one-component order parameter takes place in two-dimensional layers containing only iron atoms. The magnetic moment is oriented along the <italic>z</italic> axis. The assumption is used that in the Fe/Ge layer, the exchange interaction of iron atoms is indirect through germanium atoms and antiferromagnetic. Long-range magnetic order is absent in this plane, but antiferromagnetic fluctuations of the transverse spin wave type are present. When the interaction between the layers is taken into account, a long-range ferromagnetic order will appear in the system, realized on the layers containing only iron atoms. Antiferromagnetic fluctuations will coexist with ferromagnetism.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Исследовано магнитное упорядочение сэндвич-структуры соединения Fe<sub>3</sub>GeTe<sub>2</sub>. Рассмотрены два случая. В первом случае пренебрегается взаимодействием между слоями, содержащими атомы железа. Во втором – такое взаимодействие считается малым. Показано, что в первом случае в двумерных слоях, содержащих только атомы железа, имеет место фазовый переход в ферромагнитное состояние изинговского типа с однокомпонентным параметром порядка. Магнитный момент ориентирован вдоль оси <italic>z</italic>. Использовано предположение о том, что в слое Fe/Ge обменное взаимодействие атомов железа является косвенным через атомы германия и антиферромагнитным. Дальний магнитный порядок в этой плоскости отсутствует, но имеются антиферромагнитные флуктуации типа поперечных спиновых волн. При учете взаимодействия между слоями в системе появится дальний ферромагнитный порядок, реализуемый на слоях, содержащих только атомы железа. Антиферромагнитные флуктуации будут сосуществовать с ферромагнетизмом.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>magnetic ordering</kwd><kwd>antiferromagnetic fluctuations</kwd><kwd>iron layer</kwd><kwd>iron-germanium layer</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>магнитное упорядочение</kwd><kwd>антиферромагнитные флуктуации</kwd><kwd>железный слой</kwd><kwd>слой железо–германий</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственное задание Минобрнауки России для ИФМ УрО РАН</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deiseroth H. -J., Aleksandrov K., Reiner C., Kienle L., Kremer R.K. Fe3GeTe2 and Ni3GeTe2 – two new layered transition-metal compounds: crystal structures HRTEM investigation, and magnetic and electrical properties // Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2006. P.1561 -1567.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deiseroth H.-J., Aleksandrov K., Reiner C., Kienle L., Kremer R.K. Fe3GeTe2 and Ni3GeTe2 – two new layered transition-metal compounds: crystal structures HRTEM investigation, and magnetic and electrical properties // Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2006. No. 8. P. 1561–1567.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhuang H. L., Kent P. R. C., Henning R. G. Strong anisotropy and magnetostriction in the two dimensional Fe3GeTe2// Phys. Rev. 2016. B 93. P. 134407-1-134407-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhuang H.L., Kent P.R.C., Henning R.G. Strong anisotropy and magnetostriction in the two dimensional Fe3GeTe2 // Phys. Rev. 2016. B 93. P. 134407(7).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">May A.F., Calder S., Cantoni C., Cao Y., MCGuir M.A. Magnetic Structure and phase stability of the van der Waals bonded ferromagnet Fe3-xGeTe2 //Phys. Rev. 2016. B 93. P.014411-1-11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">May A.F., Calder S., Cantoni C., Cao Y., MCGuir M.A. Magnetic Structure and phase stability of the van der Waals bonded ferromagnet Fe3–xGeTe2 // Phys. Rev. 2016. B 93. P. 014411(11).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">X. Bai, F. Lechermann, Y. Liu, Y. Cheng, A. I. Kolesnikov, F. Ye. T. J. Williams, S. Chi, T. Hong, G. E. Granroth, A. F. May, S. Calder Antiferromagnetic fluctuations and orbital-selective Mott transition in the van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3−xGeTe2//Phys. Rev. 2022. B 106. L180409 1-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bai X., Lechermann F., Liu Y., Cheng Y., Kolesnikov A.I., Ye F., Williams T. J., Chi S., Hong T., Granroth G.E., May A.F., Calder S. Antiferromagnetic ﬂuctuations and orbital-selective Mott transition in the van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3−xGeTe2 // Phys. Rev. 2022. B. 106. L180409 1–6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">X. Xu, Y. W. Li, S. R. Duan, S. L. Zhang, Y. J. Chen, L. Kang,1 A. J. Liang, C. Chen, W. Xia, Y. Xu,</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu X., Li Y.W., Duan S.R., Zhang S.L., Chen Y.J., Kang L., Liang A.J., Chen C., Xia W., Xu Y., Malinowski P., Xu X.D., Chu J.-H., Li G., Guo Y.F., Liu Z.K., Yang L.X., Chen Y.L. Signature for non-Stoner ferromagnetism in the van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2 // Phys. Rev. B. 2020. V. 101. P. 201104 (R)(6).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">P. Malinowski, X. D. Xu, J.-H. Chu, G. Li, Y. F. Guo, Z. K. Liu, L. X. Yang Y. L. Chen. Signature for non-Stoner ferromagnetism in the van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2 // Phys. Rev. 2020. B 101. 201104 (R) 1-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhy J.X., Janoschek M., Chaves D.S., Cezar J.C., Durakiewicz T., Ronning F., Sassa Y., Mansson M., Scott B.L., Wakeham N., Baner E.D., Thompson J.D. Electronic correlation and magnetism in the ferromagnetic metal Fe3GeTe2 // Phys. Rev. B. 2016. V. 93. Р. 144404(6).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">J.X. Zhy, M. Janoschek, D.S. Chaves, J.C. Cezar, T. Durakiewicz, F. Ronning, Y. Sassa, M. Mansson, B.L. Scott, N Wakeham, E.D. Baner, J.D. Thompson. Electronic correlation and magnetism in the ferromagnetic metal Fe3GeTe2 // Phys. Rev. 2016. B 93.144404 1-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deng Y., Yu Y., Song Y., Zhang J., Wang N.Z., Sun Z., Yi Y., Wu Y.Z., Wu S., Zhu J., Wang J., Chen X.H., Zhang Y. Gate-tunable room-temperature ferromagnetism in two-dimensional Fe3GeTe2 // Nature. 2018. V. 563. No. 7729. Р. 94–99.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Y. Deng, Y. Yu, Y. Song, J. Zhang, N. Z Wang, Z. Sun, Y. Yi, W. Y. Zheng, S. W. J. Zhu, J. Wang, X. H. Chen, Y. Zhang. Gate-tunable room-temperature ferromagnetism in two-dimensional Fe3GeTe2//Nature. V.563. No. 7729. p.94-99.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Y., Lu H., Zhu X., Tan S., Feng W., Liu Q., Zhang W., Chen Q., Liu Y., Luo X., Xie D., Luo L. Emergence of Kondo lattice behavior in a van der Waals itinerant ferromagnet, Fe3GeTe2 // Sci. Adv. 2018. No. 4. eaao6791–8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Y. Zhang, H. Lu, X. Zhu, S. Tan, W. Feng, Q. Liu, W. Zhang, Q. Chen, Y. Liu, X. Luo, D. Xie, L. Luo, Emergence of Kondo lattice behavior in a van der Waals itinerant ferromagnet, Fe3GeTe2// Sci. Adv. 2018. 4. eaao6791 1-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Меньшенин В.В. Ферромагнитный порядок в ван-дерваальсовом соединении Fe3GeTe2 // ЖЭТФ. 2024. Т. 165. № 3. С. 389–395.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Menshenin V.V. Ferromagnetic order in the van der Waals compound Fe3GeTe2// JETP. 2024. Vol. 165. No. 3. Pp. 389-395.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Поляков А.М. Калибровочные поля и струны. Ижевск: Удмуртский университет, 1999. 312 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">A.M. Polyakov. Gauge fields and strings// Publishing House "Udmurt University", Izhevsk, 1999, 312 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Поташинский А.З., Покровский В.Л. Флуктуационная теория фазовых переходов. М.: Наука, 1982. 381 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Potashinsky A.Z., Pokrovsky V.L. Fluctuation Theory of Phase Transitions// Nauka, Moscow, 1982. 381 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абрикосов А.А., Горьков В.П., Дзялошинский И.Е. Методы квантовой теории поля в статистической физике. М.: Наука, 1963. 444 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abrikosov A.A., Gorkov V.P., Dzyaloshinsky I.E. Methods of Quantum Field Theory in Statistical Physics // Nauka, Moscow, 1963. 444 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amit D.J. Field Theory, the Renormalization Group and Critical Phenomena / World Scientiﬁc Publising Co Pte Ltd, Singapore, 1984. 394 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amit D. J. Field Theory, the Renormalization Group and Critical Phenomena // World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd, Singapore, 1984. 394 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белавин А.А., Поляков А.М. Метастабильные состояния двумерного изотропного ферромагнетика // Письма в ЖЭТФ. 1975. Т. 22. C. 503–506.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belavin A.A., Polyakov A.M. Metastable States of a Two-Dimensional Isotropic Ferromagnet // JETP Letters. 1975. Vol. 22. Pp. 503-506.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Березинский В.Л. Разрушение дальнего порядка в одномерных и двумерных системах с непрерывной группой симметрии // ЖЭТФ. 1970. Т. 59. С. 907–920.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berezinsky V.L. JETP. 1970. V. 59, P. 907-920.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ковалев О.В. Неприводимые и индуцированные представления и копредставления федоровских групп. М.: Наука, 1986. 367 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">O. V. Kovalev. Irreducible and induced representations and corepresentations of Fedorov groups//Nauka, Moscow. 1986. 367 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Изюмов Ю.А., Найш В.Е., Озеров Р.П. Нейтронография магнетиков. М.: Атомиздат, 1981. 311 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Izyumov Yu. A., Naish V. E., R. P. Ozerov. Neutron diffraction of magnets//Atomizdat. Moscow. 1981. 311 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васильев А.Н. Квантовополевая ренормгруппа в теории критического поведения и стохастической динамики. Санкт-Петербург: Изд-во ПИЯФ, 1998. 773 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Vasiliev A. N. Quantum field renormalization group in the theory of critical behavior and stochastic dynamics// Publishing house of PNPI, St. Petersburg (1998). 773 p.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
